ROLE OF GOVERNMENT slp Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

ROLE OF GOVERNMENT slp - Coursework Example Discussion Market Structure Market structure is basically the environment, within which a firm produces and sell its product. A market structure is basically selected on the basis of the number of similar firms in the market, the ease of entry and exit of firms and the degree of product differentiation. Based on the definition, the market structures are mainly divided into various forms. Four of the most common form of market structure is listed here under: Monopolistic market structure: In this form of market structure there exist numerous numbers of firms each having a small proportion of the market share with slight differentiation in the product manufactured by each firm. Oligopoly: In this form of market structure small number of firms together controls the majority of the markets share. Monopoly: In this form of market structure the entire market is controlled by a single producer. Perfect Competition: Perfect competitions are a market structure where there is no barrier to ent ry and where unlimited number of buyers and producers do exist. Modern market is considered to be a perfect competition from of market structure (East Tennessee State University, n.d.). ... mpetitors such as Burger King, KFC, and Subway among others and is considered to be one of the most preferred brand among other fast food chain business (Kew, 2013). Role of Government Supporting the Fast Food Industry Fast Food Industry is considered to be one of the leading industries that are expanding at rapid speed. The role of government relating to the fast food industry can be witnessed from the past. It has been viewed that during the initial stage of development of the fast food industry, the government of different countries helped the particular sector to diversify in their country by providing them license and work permit. It is also worth mentioning that the different standards set by the government also helps the industry to set standards, thereby assisting them to produce quality products which results in attracting more customers. Additionally, it has also been observed that the FDI rate for fast food industry is considerably low in comparison to other industrial sec tors in different countries. In this stand, the cash inflow for the fast food sectors reduces, which result in the increase of the cost of the products. In this aspect, such situations are usually mitigated by governmental strategies and interference (Makki, Somwaru and Bolling, n.d.; Food Authority, n.d.). Patent Patent in general is the right given to a producer by the government that restricts other companies or business to produce similar products. It has been viewed there exist two form of patent one with an time limit that restricts similar firms to produce the product within the speculated time mentioned and the other form of patents where the company are the sole owner the product i.e. no other firm can produce similar product. With reference to the mentioned scenario it can be

The effect of Junk Food Advertising on Obesity in Children Essay

The effect of Junk Food Advertising on Obesity in Children - Essay Example Mother - 103 Children (10-15 years) - 52 Information areas The key information areas covered in the research were From the mother Various activities for the child in a day Television watching habits Preference of foods Parental control in the intake of food Factors that influence choice of food and reasons for obesity Role of various bodies in controlling obesity in children Reaction to the proposal for ban on advertisements of unhealthy food Opinion of the advertisements for unhealthy foods Demographic details - gender, age of child, economic status of the family, weight of the selected child From the selected child Preference for specific foods Food which are considered healthy Reasons for consumption of 'junk food' Intention to reduce consumption of 'junk foods' and reasons ascribed to it. Analysis The data was analysed to look at the mothers of all children and specifically understand differences between habits and practices of the children in the younger age group and the older age group - these differences have been mentioned in the findings and the tables in the appendix. the girls and the boys - there were no differences which emerged among the boys and the girls at an overall level The questions asked to the children in the age group of 10 to 15 years were analysed separately. Key findings - among mothers 1. Activities undertaken and time spent There were a fair number of activities undertaken by children. Watching television, was the only activity that obtained 100% mentions other than sleeping, eating and going to school. About of the mothers claimed that their children also did some physical activity and participated in sports, cycling etc. This percentage was significantly higher among the younger children in the age...The details of the survey have been summarised below Given that the link between television watching and obesity have been much talked about, there is a need to understand whether this link exists or not. There is also a need to understand from the children, the drivers and motivators for eating fast foods and foods that have high fat content. There were a fair number of activities undertaken by children. Watching television, was the only activity that obtained 100% mentions other than sleeping, eating and going to school. About of the mothers claimed that their children also did some physical activity and participated in sports, cycling etc. This percentage was significantly higher among the younger children in the age group of 4 to 9 years. The average time spent on television was more than 3 hours among the younger group and about 4.3 hours among the older group which was significantly higher than the younger children. In contrast to this the average time spent on any kind of a physical activity was as low as 1.4 and 1.7 hours respectively.

Durkheims relationship between law, social solidarity and morality Essay

Durkheims relationship between law, social solidarity and morality - Essay Example As Lukes pointed out about Durkheim's approach, "Durkheim's criticisms of charity as the basis of social solidarity are explored. His Jewish background is related to his emphasis on justice as well as his scorn for charity as the basis for social solidarity. Implications for social theory are discussed briefly. "(Lukes 1989) Durkheim' s conception of justice has been neglected relative to other aspects of his thought, as is true for Durkheim' s political thought in general ( Lukes 1989). To be sure, Durkheim's concern with justice has been addressed, but usually in a narrow context. For example, Sirianni (1984) addresses it only within the confines of Durkheim's The Division of Labor in Society ([1893] 1933). Similarly, Lacroix (1981) concludes that there exists a hiatus between Durkheim's political sociology and sociology of religion. A similar hiatus seems to exist regarding the sociologists who have pursued Durkheim's political thought and those who have addressed Durkheim's personal as well as professional interest in religion, such as Bellah (1973), Filloux (1977), and Pickering (1984). In particular, Durkheim's conception of justice has not been analyzed in the context of his Judaic heritage." (Cotterrell 1997) the objective of this paper is to examine Durkheim's accounts of the above discussed issues and to examine his perspectives As well the importance of his accounts and tenets will be examined during the discussion. Durkheim's sociology will be presented and reviewed. Durkheim was especially concerned with establishing a "science of moral facts" (see also Hall, 1987). "This was a concern shared by many of his contemporaries, but what set Durkheim apart was that he rejected the possibility of establishing morality upon charity, even Christian charity, and opted instead for justice." (Lukes 1989) Durkheim also held a concept about his definition of justice and its close connection to the idea of contract. It is important to keep in mind that eventually, he apprehended the contract as being binding upon the individual and society after taking his account of justice and law into consideration it can be seen that Durkheim and the concept he accounts for is remarkably similar to Jewish conceptions of covenant and justice" as (Hunt 1978) pointed out. The correlation between Durkheim's view of justice and the la may be due to his personal accounts as a Jew. when considering the accounts and concepts of Durkheim it Is important to keep in mind that he "represents a break from the earlier generation of nineteenth-century social evolutionary thinkers." (Roach 2003) Although Durkheim was never officially trained in sociology, he has many accounts that are relevant to the study and tenets too the discipline. Durkheim said "social life comes from a double source, the likeness of consciences and the division of social labor." (Durkheim, 1933, p.226) Social cohesion based upon the likeness and similarities among individuals in a society, and largely dependent on common rituals and routines. Common among prehistoric and pre-agricultural societies, and lessens in predominance as modernity increases. (Durkheim p 76) He also said that "Social cohesion based upon the dependence individuals in more advanced society have on each other. Common among industrial societies as the division of labor increases. Though individuals perform different tasks and often have different values

Robots Replaces Humans Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Robots Replaces Humans - Research Paper Example The technology in robots may be traced back in the Industrial Revolution when mathematics, engineering and science was in flower in England that provided the basic groundwork of robotics. Among the prominent scientist during that time who contributed to the development of robots was Charles Babbage who developed the foundation of computer science and his two uncompleted project, difference and analystical engine. Although these projects were not completed, they laid out the basic framework for mechanical calculations necessary for robots to function (Thomasnet 2013). Robots as we know them today however was not yet recognized nor had such name during this time. The concepts about robots however already proliferated during the Industrial Revolution but its realization has to come decades later because the technology were not yet available then. Until in 1920, Karel Capek published his play entitled Rossum’s Universal Robots where the word robot was first used. The word robot came from an old Slavic word that meant â€Å"servitude, monotonous or forced labor†. From the use of â€Å"robot† in Karel Capek’s play begun the usage of the word that refers to mechanical devices that replaces human functions. It was however in 1927 that the first actual robot was made in the United States called Televoc which operated through the telephone system. Japan followed suit in 1928 and created Japan’s first robot named Gakutensoku. Robot became a formal science in 1941 when  Isaac Asimov  formulated the  Three Laws of Robotics, which formally gave the name of robot creation as robotics (1950). The first few models of robots that used modern available technology begun in the 1950’s however which George Devol designed a robotic arm device named Unimate which was intended for industrial use. Unimate function then was to transport die castings in General Motors plant in New Jersey. Seeing the viability of robots particular in industrial manufacturing, a company

Ethics Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Ethics Report - Essay Example Correspondingly, this paper entails the conduct of interview with a management trainee belonging to Commonwealth Bank and a Human Resource manager of Bank of America Corporation in order to understand the impact of code of conducts on their behavior and career development. Introduction In the current business environment, it can be viewed that most of the leading companies throughout the globe are widely embracing the functions relating to human resource (HR). The HR managers or the HR professionals performing various sorts of HR functions are often considered to be planned change agents, proven leaders and trusted member within a particular organization. It can be admitted that HR functions over the years have dramatically changed from transactional towards more strategic due to changing business environment. At the same time, it can be firmly argued that without skillful abilities, it is quite hard for HR managers to perform various roles and HR functions efficiently (Rocca & Morro w, 2008). Correspondingly, two professions have been identified for the research purpose that includes a HR management trainee from Commonwealth Bank and a HR manager from Bank of America Corporation. ... Similarly, The Bank of America Corporation is an American based multinational financial service provider which is regarded as the second largest banking company in the US in terms of assets. The bank is committed to provide valuable service to its customers through delivering various financial and non-financial services such as employment, lending and investing. The interview was conducted through e-mail conversation and thus questions have been framed duly prior to the interview. The interview questions were designed to address various relevant aspects associated with HR (Bank of America Corporation, 2013). The primary rationale of conducting the interview was to acquire considerable understanding about code of conducts and their impacts on the behavior of individuals during the course of career development. Interview Reflection The interviewees warmly responded to the first question (refer to Appendix) and asserted that while devising and enforcing professional/organizational code of conduct, various aspects are taken into concern. Accordingly, it was apparently observed that management support, consultation with staffs, explicitly defined terms and policies are crucial while devising the organizational policies. It was emphasized that the devised policies should be directed towards the welfare of the organizations and should be fair as well as free from any kind of biasness. It was also stressed that the policies devised should be regularly evaluated and monitored in order to ensure the efficiency of the policy enforced. Based on the interview, the management trainee of Commonwealth Bank emphasized the functions and the responsibilities to be the critical factors for ensuring smooth functioning of

The Pursuit of Happyness Essay Example for Free

The Pursuit of Happyness Essay The Pursuit of Happyness is a story of a man, Mr. Chris Gardner, who invests his savings to portable bone density scanners. He had a five year old son named Christopher. Chris introduces these scanners to the doctors which he believed much better to X-rays. But along his journey of being a salesman, their financial condition gets worse. To him selling one is can be used for buying their needs so he treasured these scanners very much. He tried to figure out on how to sell these scanners but unfortunately he loses everything. His wife leaves him, he loses his house, bank accounts and credit cards and earning money became difficult for him. Experiencing this trouble, Mr. Chris decided to become a professional endeavour after meeting his friend at Dean Witter. It is not easy for him because he needs to become an intern for six months without any pay but Mr. Gardner is determined because he believed that this will help him to rise again and support his son. His passion to be a stock broker can be seen through his determination. He became homeless, go to office in a messed up clothes and even slept in bathrooms, and community shelters. But despite of all these, he is really willing to sacrifice everything just to achieve his goals. And this sacrifice was worth it because he was chosen by the firm to work for them. Now, Chris has been working hard to support the needs of his son. Lesson learned: The movie â€Å"The Pursuit of Happiness’ is really inspiring that made me realize the following thoughts: * It’s not enough for you to work instead it is better if you work hard for you to achieve your goals in life. Just always do your best and think that it is your last chance to prove your worth. * Be yourself. Don’t fake yourself just to impress anyone. As what this line says, â€Å"We cannot please everyone†, so just be yourself. We are all unique in our own ways and this uniqueness is your asset. * It’s worth the wait. Not all things you want will be favorable to you. It’s not like a blink of an eye then you get it, definitely it’s not. We must learn that achieving your dreams corresponds to a big responsibility, right time and off course working on it. You are dreaming because you want it to happen because it will lead us to our greatest achievements. * Big things come from small things. It’s like a step by step process. Before we reach our goals we need to undergo a lot of hindrances and difficulties because it’s part of our lives. But we need to face. Just believe that one day, you will be able to reach the top and the bigger dreams of yours. * Stay focus. Despite of the obstacles that you encountered, stay focused. Look for inspiration that will serve as your motivation to pursue. * My family is my inspiration. All the things I’m doing is not just for myself but for my family. They give me strength and motivation to pursue my dreams. Our family is someone whom we can be with in times of happiness and sadness. We should treasure them. * Perseverance and patience is needed if you want to become something. Be patient because everything will happen at the right time. Just learn how to wait. Entrepreneurial values/behavior executed by the main character and its application to our lives: The attitude that Mr. Chris Gardner, main character, executed in the movie is the following: Being a risk-taker. Mr Gardner was able to risk his investments to that portable bone density scanner and stick to selling this despite of their financial condition. He needs to sell at least one because this means money to them. As of today, a lot of entrepreneurs are becoming risk takers. This is one the entrepreneurial traits that we must possess. Risks are everywhere, the greater the risk the higher the return depending on how are you going to handle it. Being an opportunity seeker. Always look for possibilities. Be an observant and look for opportunities. As to what happened in the movie, Mr. Gardner found it difficult to earn money that will support their needs. Being a salesman is not enough so he looks for another job which is being a stock broker. If he was able to achieve it, a lot of opportunity will come along the way. As entrepreneurs, we must look for the opportunities and use this to come up with a good idea. For example, recently the use of social media is emerging so you may use this as one of your marketing strategies. Be optimistic. Despite of everything that happened to Mr. Gardner, he still looks at the positive side. He once felt unappreciated by the people but he tried her best to overcome these trials and determined to pursue his dreams. As entrepreneurs, we must not easily give up. In some instances, your business will undergo downs but you should take this as a challenge for you to pursue. Don’t let anyone antagonize you because you know yourself better than anyone. You should know your strengths and weaknesses. So be a positive thinker and believe that you will find yourself reaching your goals. Invest in yourself. Mr. Gardner accepts the internship for six months despite of not receiving pay. It is an indication that he wanted to learn more because learning doesn’t stop. We must think of ways on how we are going to improve ourselves. This case is also applicable to those who wanted their business to be known and succeed. They are conducting research and development studies so that they can go with the new trends. Look for solutions. Don’t let your problem hanging and find for possible solutions because problems are never ending. Favorite lines in the movie: â€Å"Don’t ever let somebody tell you can’t do something†¦you got a dream, you gotta protect it† This is one of my favorite lines in the movie because it reminds me that it is free to dream so dream big and do your best to let it happen. I am always dreaming to become successful in life and how am I going to achieve this? Well, I’m studying hard because this is the only way that I can repay the sacrifices of my parents. As entrepreneurs, we must believe in ourselves. Just don’t let others make you down. Be creative, innovative, work hard, possess entrepreneurial traits then you can do something. Take risks and conquer you weaknesses. Use your strength and don’t stop learning then you are protecting your dreams. â€Å"I know how to find the answer†¦ I will find the answer† Don’t say that you don’t know the answer instead look for the possible answers. As entrepreneurs, we are always looking for opportunities and we are looking for problems that our market had been encountered. And from these we need to find solutions because this can be our key to success. Just know how we are going to establish a good process to come up with a good solution. â€Å"How do we know the pursuit in it? † We all have different definitions of happiness. It is how we are going to achieve the happiness we are aiming for us to be contented. As long as you know that you’ve tried your best and you are satisfied, then you’re happy. As entrepreneurs we must find our own happiness because this may help in achieving your short and long term objectives. Important resource that the character used: Mr. Gardner uses his skills in dealing with numbers. He tried to become good to people and be friends with them. He tried to give time to the internship because he knows that it is worth the wait. He learned a lot. And this learning helps them to achieve his goal to pursue his own happiness. Mr. Gardner finds inspiration through his son that also helped him to overcome his troubles in life. It is inspiring that the main character used all the possible resources to pursue his happiness. My own resources and how I will pursue my own happiness: In my case, the resources I have are my efforts and perseverance to do such things. I’m always determined to fulfil a task. I’m always willing to learn because this can help me to achieve my goals in life. I may not have a lot of money but I have a lot of friends. They are the one who guides and supports me in everything I go through. Also, I have my family who is always there to support me through thick and thin. They are my inspiration. I want to be equipped with skills so that it will be not that difficult if I need to do something. Happiness for me is a very broad word. I am happy as long as I am satisfied. In pursuing my happiness, I use my resources. I will always try to do my best to achieve my goal and make others happy as well.

How Does War Affect The United States National Debt and Economy

How Does War Affect The United States National Debt and Economy Since the establishment of the colonies, that later became the United States, we have experienced the various influences that war has had on the national debt, economy, and more importantly, on individual lives. Before, national debt could be paid out gradually, it now increases with every second and is $12.4 trillion and rising. The effects can be clearly seen throughout American history, especially in times of war. The national debt is monitored by the U.S. treasury and its financial departments. It is predominantly made up of corporate and government stocks and bonds, T-bills, and notes, which are also referred to as securities. The trading of securities to raise money for infrastructures, developments, benefit programs, and also for the purpose of financing the wars that we can recall, such as the Revolutionary War, the Civil War, and World Wars I and II, has brought us through periods of economic boom and depression, during and following these wars. War bonds were the main securities issued by the government to pay for military operations. War bonds raise capital for the government and make the general population feel involved for a national and a military cause. This system was useful as a means of controlling inflation, which is an increase in the supplies of money in the marketplace relative to its demand, especially in a wartime overstimulated economy by removing the money from its circulation until the war is over. The government issues war bonds that have a yield which is the interest payment on the bond sold that is often below the value of many bonds found in the marketplace, which made it attractive and affordable to all citizens. The Revolutionary War began as colonists protested the high taxes that colonial Britain imposed on the colonies and the profits they amassed through the practice of mercantilism without fair share. Once the war began, the British blocked the seas that interrupted trade and made goods more expensive. Further, inflation occurred as the Continental government continued to print currency, backed only by the guarantee of Congress and the States behind it. Congress also funded the war with loans from Britains competitors, such as France, the Netherlands, and Spain to purchase arms and supplies. The continental government also used domestic sources by selling bonds to individuals at a low and competitive interest rate. People such as Robert Morris and Haym Salomon took money out of their personal funds to finance the revolutionary effort as a form of patriotism. When the colonies won the war, high taxes and other limits on trade and industry ended. The new Americans could build new industri es and expand in the West. Britain was no longer a trade partner with the new country, agricultural prices fell, and there were high unemployment rates. The war ended with the U.S. accumulating $37 million of debt on the national level and the value of the dollar quickly declined as a result of inflation. These problems were later solved when Alexander Hamilton established the First Bank of the United States. The First Bank unified the nation by creating a national bank instead of separate ones for each colony, ran an excise tax which taxed imported goods, and established financial order in the United States and credit for itself within the country and overseas. The Bank would be prohibited from purchasing government bonds and issuing notes beyond its supply of capital. Before and during the Civil War, the North and South had their own reliable industries. The North was home to many factories which produced manufactured goods such as guns, bullets, cannons, boots, and uniforms. It had four times as many free citizens than the South. More than 70% of the countrys rail lines ran throughout the North. They even benefited from a strong navy and fleet of ships. The South was underdeveloped in its industry and had several economic weaknesses, such as financial and political problems and few forms of transportation. They also had a small population of about 9 million citizens, therefore, fewer soldiers to prepare for the war. Nevertheless, the South maintained strong agriculture, cotton mills and textiles products. Much of the success they gained was built on the labor of slaves. The two sides had many disagreements and threats to leave the Union ultimately led to the Civil War. Despite advantages in the war, the North needed money. They issued a massive bond measure asking its citizens and financial institutions to purchase bonds to support the war. This effort did not raise the capital needed, so the government started to print paper money, which were called greenbacks. They were backed by gold and later bonds which the government guaranteed. The increase of greenbacks in the economy caused inflation to rise and was worth as much as a third less than its intrinsic value. The government, as a means to stabilize the rapid rise of inflation, raised the interest rate and made everyone accept it for goods and services, or legal tender for all debts public and private, as stated by the Department of Treasury ustreas.gov. The government also introduced its first income tax in 1862 to find more ways of gathering money and established the Bureau of Internal Revenue, later known as the IRS. The Union never dealt with an inflation rate of more than 80%. The South was even more desperate for money as its trade was cut off by the North and its banking system lost. They resorted to printing more money which was backed by their low reserves of gold. The South could not collect taxes because it was forbidden in its Confederate Constitution. The Confederacy was on the verge of bankruptcy and in 1864 it levied its first income tax. Nevertheless, the damage was already done with too much supply of money in the market and high inflation rates rose to as much as 9,000%. The South could not manage its short supply of food and ammunition, thus, many of its citizens starved. Robert E. Lee, Confederate general, realized this and withdrew from the war by surrendering for the Confederacy. During the Civil War, the national debt was $65 million in 1860 and surpassed $1 billion in 1863. This amount gradually decreased after the end of the war. Before World War I began, the United States was in recession. During the war, the United States became involved, and its economy thrived on trade with Europeans producing war goods, and maintaining a neutral status that strengthened their economy. The U.S. entered the war three years later as a result of instigation from the Central Powers, threats to trade with their allies, and a sense of separation in the United States as of whether to be involved in the war. Entering the war in 1917 advanced our total debt to about $22 billion and increased federal spending to a total that would later amount to $112 billion; however, the U.S. enjoyed many benefits such as its competitive position in the world, agricultural boom, profit for many companies, and a decrease in the unemployment rate. Its success led the way for abundance in the Roaring 20s. For example, new technologies such as mass production automobiles, moving pictures, and radios became an indispensable part of American homes. The Great Depression of the early 1930s devastated our country and even the world. It caused personal incomes, tax revenue, profits, and prices to drop and international trade plunged by 50% to 65%. The recovery from this economic depression was caused by World War II. It tremendously boosted the U.S. economy as we began to produce weapons, uniforms, and other supplies for war. It created jobs and increased wages throughout society. Much of our production was shipped overseas. Americans soon spent their money on things such as newspapers, movies, and entertainment. The War Advertising Council was formed and held more than 100 campaigns to sell war bonds, donate blood, conserve food, and enroll enlisters. Involvement in World War II and social programs during the presidencies of Franklin Roosevelt and Truman caused a sixteenfold increase in the total war debt, amounting from $16 billion in 1930 to $260 billion in 1950. In conclusion, we can see the effect that money supply and war have on the United States national debt. It has caused dramatic decline and exponential growth in the economy during and following wartime. We have seen the effects of inflation and the outcome of the many battles from the Revolutionary War to the Civil War to our great World Wars. The national debt is a concern not only to the government, but also to its citizens. When the government debts increase, they use taxpayers money to handle the increasing costs in the economy. Some consequences are higher individual taxes, reduced benefits and programs, higher interest rates, and a weak dollar, which ultimately reduces the individual purchasing power and increases inflation.