Matrices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Networks - Essay Example It stays to decide whether any of the 33 sub lattices of the increased grid (B) have a non †zero determinant. For instance in a square sub grid of request 33 of [B], in particular, These arrangement of conditions are conflicting, on the grounds that the position of the coefficient grid [A] in which det(D) = 0. Additionally, a third request square sub grids of [B], to be specific, , and are with the end goal that their relating determinants are zero. At the end of the day, all the third request square sub grids of the increased network [B] have a zero determinant. Thusly, the position of the increased grid [B] is under 3. Since, there exists a second request square sub grid of lattice [B], with the end goal that det(H) = - 120≠0, the position of the increased framework [B] is 2. The position of the coefficient grid [A], whereis to be resolved. Det(A) = 0. Subsequently, the position of the coefficient lattice [A] is under 3. is a square sub lattice of network [A] and det (J) = - 3 ï‚ ¹ 0. Accordingly, the position of the coefficient framework [A] is 2. Consequently, rank of the coefficient network [A] = rank of the increased framework [B], as needs be the arrangement of conditions given by [A] [X] = [B] is steady. All things considered, the position of the coefficient grid [A] = rank of the enlarged framework [B] < 3, in this way there are just 2 limitations; subsequently, these conditions have endlessly numerous

Three Values to a Better Country Essay Example for Free

Three Values to a Better Country Essay It is so exceptional in light of the fact that it is the main created nation in the Asia. It has numerous strongpoints which different nations ought to gain from it. In any case, much the same as an early English adage saying-there is no ideal thing on the planet. Despite the fact that Japan is a solid nation, it despite everything has numerous viewpoints which ought to be improved. As I would see it, there are three qualities which would assist make With japaning a superior nation. They are receptive, obligation and cleverness. First is liberal. Despite the fact that Japan has been affected a great deal by western culture, a great many people despite everything adhere to the moderate idea female should remain at home, not go outside to work. In 2007, Japans GEM(United Nations Development Programs Gender Empowerment Measure, which checks balance by following womans cooperation in legislative issues and business) was positioned 54th out of 93 nations. Japanese ought to be liberal and urge female to work. On the off chance that female work, their ability and training can be best utilized. In addition, since guys and females are corresponding in numerous viewpoints, their collaborations with guys can move financial improvement all the more viably. Second is duty. As indicated by a study led by Japanese Youth Institute, around 59. 7% American adolescents and 46. 9% Chinese young people can be answerable for themselves, however for Japanese adolescents, just 25. %. In view of the absence of obligation, they couldn't care less about anything, regardless of their families or their nation; when they meet issues, what they believe isn't the way to fathom them, yet how to put off their liabilities. We can envision what dreadful circumstance Japan will be on the off chance that one day this age assumes control over it. In what capacity can the individuals without duties have the option to build up a nation? In this way obligation is a signi ficant worth if Japan needs to improve. The third one is humor. As we as a whole know, Japan is a nation with the most noteworthy self destruction rate. There are extreme rivalries in Japan and Japanese live in a quick rhythm way of life. Theyre under much tension ordinary and these weight lead to self destruction. So how to diminish pressure is exceptionally pivotal. As per logical research, silliness can assist individuals with loosening up themselves, soothe their life weights and keep their psychological sound. To put it plainly, diversion can cause individuals to have a positive life disposition. Just when individuals are cheerful, would they be able to add to countrys advancement. So humor is another worth which would assist make With japaning a superior nation. At the point when Japanese are increasingly liberal, they can develop themselves and build up their nation; when progressively Japanese have obligations, their general public can be progressively amicable; when Japanese have more diversion, their lives can be all the more fascinating. With everything taken into account, if Japan needs to improve as a nation, receptive, duty and amusingness would help make it.

Top Vulnerabilities Where Hackers Screw Up Your Wordpress Blog

Top Vulnerabilities Where Hackers Screw Up Your Wordpress Blog Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Top Vulnerabilities Where Hackers Screw Up Your WordPress BlogUpdated On 06/04/2019Author : Srivathsan G.KTopic : BloggingShort URL : http://hbb.me/2ozma0U CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogAs WordPress is an open source software, hackers can get into the codes and find out the loop holes easily. Also with WordPress you can easily customize the codes to enhance your blog and also at the same time you should be aware that one should make sure of the WordPress security so that hackers dont get the chance to screw up your WordPress blog. If youre into making money with your blog, then you should really take this serious. We cannot completely protect the WordPress blog, but at the maximum we can secure the blog so that you dont be a victim of the basic security issues in WordPress.Your Blog security is important on your WordPress Blog, so as a matter of fact, no one would w ant to see their blog get hacked or screwed up by the hacker. All the hard work which had put in will go waste in minutes. Here am going to talk about some vulnerabilities that WordPress has and thereby where hackers use these vulnerabilities to screw up your WordPress blog. Some of the deadly mistakes which can kill your blog, never take this as casual thing, because I have personally seen on many security forums, where people talk about the issues that they have faced when their blog got hacked.First of all, You should follow the basic WordPress security measure quoted from the WordPress team. You can follow them here. These are the basic measures smart choices that effectively lower the possible entry points available to screw up the blog.First let me list out some of the basic security holes.Keep up to date with the latest WP versionChange Default Username from Admin to some other nameBack up! back up! backup!Choosing the best strong passwords for your admin panel.If you find wh at you think is a bug, report it, so that it could avoid turning down into vulnerability. You can read about the other security measures for admin panel, database security, file permissions, server thing and many more. Read about it here.READ3 Simple Yet Big Mistakes That Bloggers Can MakeNever Use Pirated WordPress ThemeTrying to save few bucks in the premium theme (which most of us prefer for its elegant look and customization), these premium themes are available on torrent download which many people download it and use it on their blogs. But they forget that, the biggest shock is, many of the premium themes which are available on torrents and few warez websites has malicious codes hidden on the theme files which will cause malicious attacks and un necessary bandwidth problems. So the first thing you give access to the hackers is via pirated WordPress themes. Never use them, for that you can always prefer simple minimalist theme from WordPress panel.Unwanted WordPress PluginsAfter the theme level vulnerability, the next most thing hackers dig up is the plugins which you use on the blog. When we talk about plugins, there are two things, the most rated and popular plugins, the next is the new unrated plugins which offers some stupid things. Choose the plugins wisely, never overload your blog with plugins, choose which ever is useful to the blog and install it. Never go for unrated new plugins. Always check out the review of the plugin and the ratings, number of times it has been downloaded and then go for it. If youre using some popular plugins, then make sure you keep them up to date.Also here are some list includes some of the most critical WordPress vulnerabilities known to the security community. If youre much interested to learn about them, you can click this link to find more about WordPress vulnerabilities.One should understand that, using some best WordPress security plugins can secure your blog from hackers and spammers. I strongly recommend these WP plugins to use on your blog.WP Security Scan â€" Scans your WordPress installation for security vulnerabilities and suggests corrective actions.Secure WordPress â€" Little help to secure your WordPress installation: Remove Error information on login page; adds index.html to plugin directory; removes the wp-version, except in admin area.

John Augustine s Confessions By Saint Augustine - 923 Words

In his autobiography Confessions, Saint Augustine tells the story of the day he walked to give a speech of undeserved praise towards emperor, and on the way Augustine spots a drunken beggar asking for change that would ultimately help shape Augustine’s views of true happiness and life fulfillment. Saint Augustine made the realization that just as the beggar perceived themselves fulfilled by alcohol, he himself tried to find to find fulfillment through others looking highly upon him and praising him. However, much like the pleasure the beggar received from consuming alcohol, the pleasure Augustine found through others gratification was only temporal. Augustine theorized that the true fulfillment that he seeks can only come from living a life deemed worthy by God. This idea opposes the Grecian ideals found in Homer’s The Odyssey . For the Greeks, a person strived to make a name for themselves for the sake of eternal glory. In essence, it was solely for self-pride that th e Grecian warrior performed heroic deeds. They attributed their skill to themselves, almost trying to become equal to the gods they worshiped. This encounter with the beggar helped transform Augustine’s view, causing him to stray away from performing deed solely for Earthly recognition, but instead make an eternal name for himself in the light of God. In his opening remarks with the beggar, Augustine notes â€Å"I was all hot for honours, money, marriage: and You made mock of my hotness† (Augustine 101). InShow MoreRelatedJohn Augustine s Confessions By Saint Augustine Essay1921 Words   |  8 PagesIn Confessions by Saint Augustine he says that to be a whole person, one must cultivate a life that is improved by friendship. The essentials for all humans are food, air, and relationships which are imperative to creating a whole person. The friends that we have help to provide a sense of belonging and community. They help provide Augustine with strength and encouragemen t. Friends provide a sense of belonging and community which are a source of strength and encouragement. Augustine viewed friendshipRead MoreSimilarities Between Christianity And Islam920 Words   |  4 Pagesas omnipotent and omnipresent. Saint Augustine, the author of The Confessions, described God in a very similar way. The Confessions narrates the story of how Augustine converted and his struggles to find his faith. As Augustine grew older, both in age and in faith, he searched for the truth. He concludes that God is The Truth, the ultimate truth (Augustine 48). Augustine says that God provides perpetual truth and that He is incorruptible. In a similar manner, Augustine determines that â€Å"wisdom resides†Read MoreSaint Augustine Essays719 Words   |  3 PagesSaint Augustine Saint Augustine, b. Nov. 13, 354, d. Aug. 28, 430, was one of the foremost philosopher-theologians of early Christianity and, while serving (396-430) as bishop of Hippo Regius, the leading figure in the church of North Africa. He had a profound influence on the subsequent development of Western thought and culture and, more than any other person, shaped the themes and defined the problems that have characterized the Western tradition of Christian Theology. Among his many writingsRead MoreWhat Good Is Good?1716 Words   |  7 Pagesno wrong and lives an honest life. So my question is what really is good? If there is good does there also have to be bad and evil? Are bad and evil the same thing or do they have different meanings as well? Each philosopher, Socrates, Plato and Augustine, had their own idea of what good meant to them and even though they had similar thoughts on what good was they had different ideas of where it came from. Socrates was known to be one of the greatest philosophers of the Western Civilization. HeRead MoreEssay on Violence in Christianity3696 Words   |  15 Pagesgenocide, the killing of innocent children, holy wars, you name a violent act and God has called for it. The story of Noah recounts how God killed off everyone in the world save one family. This violence, some speculate, is a result of man?s own doing. Perhaps God?s word was miss-interpreted or those in power sought to legitimize their own violent acts through the involvement of religion. Regardless of whether it was God or man that made religion violent, it is now deeply a part of it. The very involvementRead More Francescas Style in Canto V of Dantes Inferno Essay5060 Words   |  21 PagesFrancescas Style in Canto V of Dantes Inferno Canto V of Dantes Inferno begins and ends with confession. The frightening image of Minos who  «confesses » the damned sinners and then hurls them down to their eternal punishment contrasts with the almost familial image of Francesca and Dante, who confess to one another. In a real sense confession seems to be defective or inadequate in Hell. The huddled masses who declare their sins to Minos do so because they are compelled to declareRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The War 1264 Words   |  6 Pagespresented as this young man s timeless and eternal nightmarish present. Similar to the rest of the soldiers, he calls onto Hussein, the Prophet s grandson, but he also shouts that his friend, Hussein, has been slain in the same manner. The playwright thus wants to bring together the past and the present and to call upon the audience to change the situation otherwise the past will keep on repeating itself. When Zainab comes in, he insists on reading her brother s last letter. Hussein saysRead MoreFdt4 Task 2 Essay5696 Words   |  23 PagesThe two most prevalent, being the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (LDS) and the Catholic faith. I would like to know more about their beliefs, holidays, and family traditions. Some of the main beliefs in the LDS culture are Jesus is the Savior of all man, The Word of Wisdom, and the church was restored by their Prophet Joseph Smith. Some of the main beliefs for the Catholic faith are the Bible, the different Saints, and baptism. There are many holidays that are celebrated by both religionsRead MoreWitch Hunt : The Bloody Release Of The Fear2047 Words   |  9 Pageswitchcraft became the scapegoat. One of the examples of blaming witchcraft took place in Scotland. An article from Gale Powersearch stated that Scotland s witch-hunting was originated from the marriage of King James to Princess Anne of Denmark. After a long honeymoo n in Denmark, the royal experienced the terrible storm on their return voyage, which the ship s captain blamed on witches. After that, six Danish women confessed to having caused the storms in the purpose of assassinating King James, and JamesRead MoreThe Doctrine Of The Trinity9485 Words   |  38 PagesTrinity and Incarnation 31- 64 (33 pp.) Week 2:C TERTULLIAN AND ORIGEN Trinity and Incarnation 65-88 (23 pp.) Week 3:A NICEA Trinity and Incarnation 101-125 (24 pp.) Week 3:B THE CAPPADOCIANS Trinity and Incarnation 139-166 (27 pp.) Week 3:C INTRO TO AUGUSTINE Trinity and Incarnation 167-188 (21 pp.) Week 4:A CHRISTOLOGICAL QUESTION Trinity and Incarnation 189-210 (21 pp.) Week 4:B CHALCEDON Trinity and Incarnation 211-238 (27 pp.) Week 4:C THESE THREE ARE ONE â€Å"These Three Are One† in The Triune God by

Debt and Usury Case Usury - 8048 Words

History and Background To begin my research, I wanted to get a clear understanding of just exactly what usury was and how it came about. The word usury is derived from both the Medieval Latin word usuria, meaning interest or excessive interest, and from the Latin word usura, which simply means interest. At that point in time, the definition of usury meant the charging of interest on loans, but over time after the legislation of countries to limit the rate of interest on loans, the definition of usury came to mean the interest above the lawful rate. As it stands today, usury would be found to mean the charging of unreasonable or relatively high rates of interest. The practice of usury can be traced back over four†¦show more content†¦Adam Smith, who was considered the â€Å"Father of the Free-market Capitalism† and known for his general advocacy of laissez-fair economics, however, was strongly in support of controlling usury (Jadlow, 1977; Levy, 1987). While he didnâ €™t want to completely exclude interest, he was in favor of the imposition of an interest rate ceiling (Smith, 1937). Another reformist was Silvio Gesell, a successful nineteenth century merchant in Germany and Argentina, who condemned interest on the basis that his sales were more often related to the pride of money than people s needs or the quality of his products (Gesell, 1904). His proposal of making money a public service subject to a use fee led to widespread experimentation in Austria, France, Germany, Spain Switzerland, and the United States under the banner of the so-called â€Å"stamp script movement†, but these initiatives were all squashed when their success began to threaten the national banking monopolies (Kennedy, 1995). Usury Law Generally, usury law is used for the most part in the handling of consumer credit cases that involve the statutes and regulations which limit the charges that creditors may assess when extending credit to consumers. There are many statutes and regulations which restrict credit charges. The oldest of these are referred to as general usury statutes which are established to set the maximum rate of interest that can be charged in any loan transaction in aShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice1532 Words   |  7 PagesYet, from an Islamic perspective, the answer is no. While the American public seems enamored with more and more debt, Islam has distinct regulations regarding the acquisition of personal debt. The reason is clear: In Islam, economics and religion are inextricably linked—a concept completely foreign to all but the most fundamentalist Americans. The ills of money-lending from the Eastern perspective have been fodder for Western literature for centuries, replete with illustrations that mirror the differencesRead MoreAnalysis Of Riba ( Interest ) As A Cause Of Imbalance Society And Its Islamic Perspective Essay1363 Words   |  6 Pagesits followers. Keywords: economy, Riba, interest, usury, imbalance Introduction: The word Riba Ø ±Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ § is an Arabic word which means to increase, grow, augment, educate (child), swell, mount up(1). The word is also used in Holy Quran in different meanings but when it appears in the verses based on financial matters then it means ‘Interest’ or ‘Usury’(2). That’s why the term Riba is used in this paper instead of the word ‘interest’ or ‘usury’. Similarly, Shah Waliullah defines it as, ‘a loan thatRead MoreMedieval Anti Jewish Nationalism During The Reformation Of The Roman Empire1919 Words   |  8 Pagesare replaced by the image of the stubborn, blind Jew rejected by man and God. Again the Jew is the blasphemer of Christ and master of a campaign to undermine Christian beliefs. ..... The Jews attempt to destroy Christendom from within through their usury and their false teachings, and from without, by their treachery on behalf of the Turks. Indeed the Jewish hatred for the gentile is so great it has become part of the Jewish messianic hopes which envision a day when the Jews will have enslaved or murderedRead MoreThe Modernization Of Money And Interest Essay2386 Words   |  10 Pagesother commodities with immeasurable values, the intrinsic values of coinage made from metal, such as gold and silver, were more stable. These advantages initiated the abstraction of money, changing money from the terminals of transactions in the calf case into the media of trades. This change triggered disasters. During the time of Greek and Roman civilizations, from the sixth century B.C. to the fourth century A.D., interest rates were relatively high, compared with those in modern financial systemsRead More The Distance that Separates us from Shakespeares Merchant of Venice2136 Words   |  9 Pagesstory, where it may have originated, and what it may have meant to a 16th century audience, may cause us to revaluate this very significant element of the play. The tracing of the possible sources of the story and the examining of the history of usury as well as its position in Elizabethan society may actually serve as testimony on behalf of Shylock and his Jewish identity. A careful look at the text In order to begin a comprehensive analysis of the pound of flesh story, it isRead MoreEssay on Banking2495 Words   |  10 Pagesultra-profitable credit charges that go beyond reasonable standards for taking an extra benefit from a specific situation in detriment to their customers, are guilty of usury. Usury may be defined as demanding significantly more money back from customers than is just and fair. Financial institutions consistently engaged in usury are accordingly a subject of our concern. While we do not necessarily endorse bureaucratic regulations which may be excessively burdensome and counter-productive, we do expectRead MorePolitics And City Of God : Issues And Medieval Political Thought Essay1717 Words   |  7 Pagesalso established what became known as the Ecclesiastical courts. These courts were designed to handle cases involving widows, orphans, university students, crusaders and contracts. Infact the â€Å"seal of God† given by priests on contracts involvi ng two businessmen made it possible for the priests to intervene in business matters and by implication exercise control over commercial concerns. In the case of exercising power and control over local landlords and leaders, the Roman Catholic Church inventedRead MoreIslamic Banking And Conventional Banking8251 Words   |  34 PagesIslamic banking There are many distinct types of financial and commodity transaction system in the Islamic banking. Every sort of transaction is guided by Sharia council and followed by the Islamic valued and absolutely being refrain from the Riba or usury. Some transaction systems are as follows. 01.Wadiah (Safekeeping): Wadiah means custody or safekeeping of assets. In the process of Wadiah arrangement, the client will deposit cash or other assets in a bank for safekeeping. The The bank guaranteesRead MoreUnited States Is Becoming A Game Only The Privileged Can Play Essay1264 Words   |  6 Pagesfreshman from the bottom quarter income bracket going to the top colleges (Colleges, American Association Of Community). A large reason for this is the fact that government funding for students college education has largely decreased with student loans/debt being more prominent. Added to this is the fact that many minority communities are still living with the repercussions of America’s white prejudice past. In 2005, â€Å"within five years of entering college, 40 percent of students from the top socioeconomicRead MoreConcept of Maqasid Al-Syariah1824 Words   |  8 Pageswithin the community). The Prophet Muhammad once said that his community (i.e. the Muslim community) would never agree on an error. Qiyas (analogy) In cases when something needs a legal ruling, but has not been clearly addressed in the other sources, judges may use analogy, reasoning, and legal precedent to decide new case law. This is often the case when a general principle can be applied to new situations. (See the article Smoking in Islam for an example of this process at work.) 3. Type and categories

Analyzing Quine s Thesis On The Nature Of The World

Things and their Place in Theories This paper discusses Quine’s thesis on the nature of our ideas and how they are used in order to make sense of the world, and decide what can be said to be reality. Quine begins his paper by discussing our knowledge of external things and how we can come to know what we know. On page two of Things and their Place in Theories, Quine states, â€Å"there is nothing we can be more confident of than external things,† meaning that the pieces of knowledge we can be most sure of are things that are discovered a posteriori, after sufficient empirical evidence is gathered. This quote shows that Quine denies the notion of foundationalism and believes that there is no piece of knowledge that can be said to be a base for all other knowledge. Instead of having a foundationalist view on the world, Quine believes in naturalism. Quine reveals that he has a naturalistic â€Å"unswerving belief in external things, [like] people, nerve endings, sticks, stones,† (Quine, ‘Things†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ p. 21) and he says that the identification and description of all things external to us is to be found in science itself, and not in some prior philosophy (Quine, ‘Things†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ p. 21). His view on nature supports Professor Smith’s statement that the world is something that is made through empirical knowledge, and not an already existing entity that is discovered. Quine says, â€Å"Scientists and philosophers seek a comprehensive system of the world,† (Quine, ‘Things†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ p. 9) and the way to do this isShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesand permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval sy stem, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturersRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 PagesDo you know the time? it is illogical to answer only Yes and walk away─ unless you are trying to irritate the person who asked the question. Real life decision-making often must work in a dynamic, unpredictable environment. In the business world, new competitors appear, prices rise or fall, opportunities that were available at one time are not available at another. The uncritical decision maker is unaware of these changes and continues to make decisions as if in the old environment. Alert

Ancient System Impacting Human Affiliation -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Ancient System Impacting Human Affiliation? Answer: Introduction The discussion of the essay is about determining the social issues like the genes, culture, and gender where the culture is about enduring the behavior, ideas and the attitude which are shared by a large group of people. The gender in psychology is the characteristics of biological and social influence where the people define the males, females and the other. The gender role is about the expectation from people, mainly based on the gender identity. The genes are the natural selection with the guiding force in the creation of complex functional mechanism known as adaptations (Coconuts, 2016). The humans have the different biological needs which need to be met in order to survive. Explain why the social issue is a problem, both in a general sense as well as in the Singapore context There is a gender imbalance where the stacks of social science show the dating and mating behavior which is mainly influenced by the sex ratios. There are marriageable men who have the dating culture with courtship and Romans and men need to attract a wife, by earning more. The gender ratio skew towards men is set with the dating culture which tends to become more sexualized. The people tend to have a better sex when ratios skew female. The women frequently wind up being treated to be the sex objects in Singapore or elsewhere and the men are found to be inclined to exercise the option to delay marriage and play the field. The uneven ratios tend to add the sexual nirvana for the heterosexual men but for the women, there is a high priority on getting married and getting the children wedlock. The gender, genes and the culture also include the issues of slut-shaming where the girls or the women are criticked to violate the expectations of behavior and appearance in regard to sexuality. The example is about violating the dress code policies by dressing in the provocative ways requesting the access to birth control with pre-marital, or casual sex (Eliza, 2017). With respect to an issue in Singapore, there are problems related to how the women or the other races or culture are identifying characteristics which are feminized. The check is whether it is sexual or the social, body that tends to haunt or threaten with the figure of threat and arguing on the economic and social disintegration. The cultural crises rise in Singapore with threatening from within and without, merely repositioning the age-old reminder. The racism is rarely far from any surface of the Asian societies. The multiracialism encourages a higher consciousness of one's race even as it insists on tolerance. Use relevant research to explain why it is important to address the issue In order to address the issue in Singapore, there are comparisons about the gender differences where the women are sensitive to smells and sound and experience anxiety disorders or depression. The average males are found to be slower to enter puberty and quicker to die than the women. The women have a greater level of connection and sympathy with the better non-verbal emotional connection. The men are found to fight or argue. But on the other hand, the social dominance of men tends to occupy more position with more powerfulness. The leadership style of men tends to talk assertively, with interruption, where the women tend to be more indirect, less interruptive (Birger, 2015). Considering the sexuality, it is important to address the issue, where the males are more likely found to initiate the sexual activity and fantasize about sex, permissive attitudes and seek partners. The women sexuality generally tends to be set by the emotional passion. The cross-cultural evidence suggests that the social or the cultural factors influence the differences in gender based on cognitive performance. The gender roles over the time and culture which has been more set to mark the difference that is malleable of both sexes who are capable to effectively carry out the organizational roles. The slut-shaming needs to be focused on where the women are insulted by their body. They are the victim blaming for blame and other sexual assault. This is done by stating the crime where women wearing revealing clothes or acting completely in a sexually provocative manner, before the consent of sex (Steinberg, 2016). "Raped after lying to parents" focuses on the alleged wrongdoing or untrustworthiness of the victim which suggest that the sexual assault is the punishment. This happens mainly because the perpetrator tends to choose the disregard consent which is not due to the peripheral decisions which are made by the victim. Th gender roles and peer transmission vary with culture and time which is set currently towards a greater equality. The peers are considered to have a major impact on behavior and perceived gender role. Here, the changes and innovation come from and is embraced by the young. The culture becomes more gender equal and the psychological differences between the men and women tend to lessen. The aggression is the behavior which intends to harm, and the men are more likely to injure the others across the time, culture and age (Hernandez et al., 2006). It is important for the women to be calm and composed with making decisions, smartly, rather than keeping their life at risk. Acknowledge what the government or the relevant body had done on this issue. As per the analysis, the government of Singapore has focused on the clause in Constitution article 16(1)(a) which reads that there shall be no discrimination against any citizen of Singapore mainly on the grounds of caste, creed, culture, or sex. On the other hand, WHO (World Health Organization) has focused on sex selection should be the choice of an individual. The selection is based on wide range of social implications (Feldman et al., 2016). The ethical concern is that the sex selection will tend to reinforce discrimination mainly against the women. There is a need to work on handling the distortion of natural sex ratio leading to gender imbalance and reinforce discriminatory stereotypes towards women by devaluing the females. The Sexual Assault Care Center set up by the Association of Women for Action and Research (AWARE) focus on directing the poor girl to care center where she gets a proper counseling and legal information in Singapore (Jiang et al., 2015). Recommendation The sex-linked biology is set to the concept of race, ethnicity and the clarity to determine the interactive influences of each in giving rise to the differentials of health. There is a need to focus on the concepts which impede the appreciation of the rich variety of humans where the attention needs to be given to the other category people as well. This will help in properly assessing the impact on health with interactions among the social, cultural and the genetic factors. The consistency is mainly through the effect across the racial groups which result in genetic variants with common biological effect. Conclusion The challenge is mainly to focus on how genes, gender, and culture could impose a challenge and opportunity for clarification. The sex and race are the complex traits which are important to understanding and its impact on the health with each genetic underpinning. There are genetic studies of sex and gender which are set to the extent to take hold of the detailed information about genetic similarities and differences (Buikema et al., 2017). The victims in Singapore cite disbelief and unsupportive attitude from the peers and family which is a major reason that they are not able to report the crime. References Birger, J. (2015).Hookup culture isnt the real problem facing singles today. Its math.. [online] Washington Post. Available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/posteverything/wp/2015/08/26/hookup-culture-isnt-the-problem-facing-singles-today-its-math/?utm_term=.09ed6784c6d2 [Accessed 2 Feb. 2018]. Buikema, R., Plate, L., Thiele, K. (Eds.). (2017).Doing Gender in Media, Art and Culture: A Comprehensive Guide to Gender Studies. Routledge. Coconuts. (2016).Teenage magazine gets righteously slammed by AWARE for slut-shaming rape victim | Coconuts Singapore. [online] Available at: htt://coconuts.co/singapore/news/teenage-magazine-gets-righteously-slammed-aware-slut-shaming-rape-victim/ Feldman, R., Monakhov, M., Pratt, M., Ebstein, R. P. (2016). Oxytocin pathway genes: evolutionary ancient system impacting on human affiliation, sociality, and psychopathology.Biological Psychiatry,79(3), 174-184. Hernandez, L. M., Blazer, D. G. (2006). Sex/gender, race/ethnicity, and health. Jiang, Y., Bachner-Melman, R., Chew, S. H., Ebstein, R. P. (2015). Dopamine D4 receptor gene and religious affiliation correlate with dictator game altruism in males and not females: evidence for gender-sensitive gene culture interaction.Frontiers in neuroscience,9, 338. Eliza R. (2017)Sen. Elizabeth Warren accuses Trump of slut-shaming Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand. [online] Business Insider Singapore. Available at: https://www.businessinsider.sg/elizabeth-warren-accuses-trump-of-slut-shaming-kirsten-gillibrand-2017-12/ Steinberg, D. L. (2016).Genes and the bioimaginary: Science, spectacle, culture. Routledge.

Colonialism and Imperialism Essay Example

Colonialism and Imperialism Paper As was established in the previous section, Heart of Darkness exposes the exploitation of African nations by Europeans. Conrad points out the flaws of colonialism including that of the cruelty of the Europeans in the name of civilising the population. Through Marlows narration of these atrocities, Conrad is expressing his political criticism to colonialism. Conrad highlights the cruelty of colonialism from as soon as Marlow reaches the Coastal Station. Marlow comes across two consecutive events; the first was a line of black workers joined by and chain, and the second being the Grove of Death. It was at the grove that Marlow realises how the natives are exploited. Marlow says they were not enemies, they were not criminals [they were] nothing but black shadows of disease and starvation. 3 This exploitation of the workers has clearly shaken Marlow. Yet, it is obvious that the Europeans do not care for the welfare of the black people, rather caring for their own gain as can be seen in Marlows statement describing the immaculate accountant but in the great demoralisation of the land he kept up his appearance. 4 It is plain to the reader here that amid the undermining of the civilisation of the natives, the Europeans are able to live in style. Ivory becomes an important metaphor in the novel. It becomes the source of much envy and many atrocities are executed to gain this unique material. Just like King Leopolds rubber-terror Conrad points out the how the natives are exploited. This is seen through the juxtaposition of the Company with Mr Kurtz. The Companys atrocities are clear, as is the obsession with ivory You would think they were praying to it. We will write a custom essay sample on Colonialism and Imperialism specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Colonialism and Imperialism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Colonialism and Imperialism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer 5 Yet they seem to claim that their atrocities are actually for science and progress. This is clearly juxtaposed with Mr Kurtz, who also commits atrocities in order to gain ivory, but unlike the company, he openly acknowledges the atrocities he has performed and has awareness. This is emphasised by the words: The horror! The horror! 6 Kurtz has realised sees the horror of imperialism and is condemning it. This juxtaposition heightens the awareness of the evil of imperialism. Thus we reach the next major theme that of the evil in man that plays a major role in the imperialism of Africa. When deciphering the meaning of the Kurtzs last words, Gary Adelman believes that the meaning of the the horror is seen as a verdict on the essential depravity of man and his civilisation7. It essentially that, while the wilderness of Africa has brought forth the evil, the wilderness is merely opportunity in the form of ivory and natives to exploit in order to gain the ivory. The true evil is already in man. This is his greed and inability to restrain himself. It can be seen that the darkness is not African, rather European. Robert Burden states that imperialism in Heart of Darkness destroys indigenous cultures and in so doing destroys the cultural integrity of Europe8. Taking into account Conrads life, it is obvious that he would have a negative view of colonialism. His boyhood was full of hardships due to Russian imperialism of Poland, yet Conrad does a strange thing. He does not acknowledge the reality of imperialism. Through the fact that Marlow lies to the intended, Conrad undermines the novels essential meaning. 9 The reasons for this may be that he believes that for Europeans to learn that they are the true darkness may undermine their power, or more likely, he does not believe that all imperialism is bad. The late 19th century saw the flourishing Victorian Empire of England, and the pleasant descriptions of the Thames by the mysterious secondary narrator at the beginning of the text juxtaposed with Marlows comment that the Thames was once a place of darkness emphasises the successfulness of imperialism in England. Conrads message in Heart of Darkness is that colonialism is only evil when it is not controlled and allowed to be run by darkness or primitive emotions such as greed. Apocalypse Now The imperialist nature of the Vietnam War is obvious in the film Apocalypse Now. It both shows a darkness that drives the imperialism, and many of the atrocities undertaken in the name of democracy. Yet the main difference is that of context not that of themes. The main character, Willard is already accustomed to the life in the field, yet the atrocities he witnesses clearly disturb him. Unlike Heart of Darkness, the imperialism of Vietnam by the Americans seems to be a moral gesture by the Americans to give freedom to the natives, yet some darkness has corrupted the Americans, as the innocents that they were suppose to protect are being slaughtered by the unprovoked killing of the Americans depicted by Coppola through the vivid images of the destruction of napalm. As with the novel, the darkness does not come from the Vietnamese, or the terrain, but from the Americans themselves. Coppula shows this vividly with the battle scene where the American troops attack a town full of innocents, where every man who killed the enemy gets a case of beer. This is juxtaposed with the shots of the village where children are at school, unaware of the impending destruction. Also like Heart of Darkness, there is ignorance from the Americans about the true suffering of the natives. The American General, states I love the smell of napalm in the morning it smells like victory. Yet, it is that weapon that created enormous sufferings in the war. In the same line the general also states that we didnt find one stinking body. It is obvious he is aware of the destructive capabilities of napalm, which further adds to the deterioration of the American moral position. Thus the American general sums up the core of value of darkness. Like the novel it is greed, but not greed for tangible items (i. e. ivory) but greed for victory. Yet, like the novel, they do not like to be seen as being the darkness. They hide behind morals such as democracy, and thus the true darkness of American imperialism is seen through the juxtaposition of Colonel Kurtz, who has achieved victory by openly assassinating Vietnamese double agents. The US Army said his ideas, methods, became unsound, yet the irony is that they have sent Willard to assassinate Kurtz. This view of eliminating Colonel Kurtz is parallel to that of the Company wanting to eliminate Mr Kurtz in the novel. The atrocities of the Vietnam War are clearly defined and the reasons for imperialism are fuelled by the darkness of greed. The fact that the Americans are the source of the darkness is highlighted differently in the film as it is not framed with the civilised company of men10 like Heart of Darkness but it is framed by the flames of napalm11. Thus the horrific visual techniques Coppola uses in showing the exploding napalm becomes in themselves moral statements. Coppola is emphasising the inevitability of the darkness and horror that Conrad believed was escapable, to highlighted by the lyrics of the films closing credits This is the end, my friend. Conclusion Apocalypse Now and Heart of Darkness are texts that address the frightening themes of imperialism and darkness in man. The authors have gone to great lengths in depicting this horror through relevant techniques, and despite the obvious differences in context, these themes are still very similar. Both Conrad and Coppola have captured the essence of their messages in these gripping words The horror! The horror! Bibliography  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgian_colonial_empire

Using the Spanish Verb Creer

Using the Spanish Verb Creer With few exceptions, the Spanish verb creer can be used much the same way as the English verb to believe. It sometimes can be a bit weaker in meaning than to believe and is thus often better translated as to think. In other words, creer is often used to mean that someone believes something is probable rather than that it is a certain fact. Creer Que When a statement is made about what a person believes or thinks, creer is typically followed by que and the statement of belief: Creo que el presidente hizo lo que tenà ­a que hacer. I think the president did what he had to do.Los mayas creeron que las formas en la luna que muchos ven como el hombre en la luna son un conejo que salta. The Mayans believed that the shapes in the moon that many see as the man in the moon are a jumping rabbit.Creen que los estudiantes no estudian. They think the students arent studying.Creemos que tenemos una mà ­nima chance. We believe we have a slight chance. No Creer If creer is used in a negative form, the verb following que typically is in the subjunctive mood: No creo que el paà ­s està © en crisis. I dont think the country is in a crisis.No creemos que exista un telà ©fono perfecto para todos. We dont believe there exists a perfect telephone for everyone.La Comisià ³n Europea no cree que el motor de bà ºsqueda vulnere la privacidad del usuario. The European Commission doesnt believe that the search engine violates the users privacy. Creer Object Creer also can be followed by a direct object rather than que: No creo lo que me dices. I dont believe what youre telling me.Cree las noticias malas y desconfà ­a de las buenas. He believes the bad news and distrusts the good news.Creo la televisià ³n. I believe the television. Creer En Creer en is typically the equivalent of the English to believe in or to have faith in. It can mean either to give credence to a concept or to have trust or faith in a person. Algunos no creen en la evolucià ³n. Some dont believe in evolution.Creo en la educacià ³n bilingà ¼e. I believe in bilingual education.No creemos en las polà ­ticas de extrema derecha. We dont believe in the politics of the extreme right.Cuando se lucha por una causa, es porque se cree en ella. When one fights for a cause, it is because one believes in it.Parece que el à ºnico que cree en Pablo es à ©l mismo. It seems that the only one who believes in Pablo is he himself.El paà ­s cree en Presidente y en las fuerzas armadas. The country trusts the president and the armed forces. Creer In a Religious Context In some contexts, creer standing alone can have a religious meaning, just as does to believe in English. Thus in some contexts, Creo (I believe) is the equivalent of Creo en Dios (I believe in God). Creerse The reflexive form, creerse, is often used with little discernible change in meaning from creer. However, the reflexive form sometimes is used to add emphasis: Me creo que eres mi ngel de la guarda. (I truly believe you are my guardian angel.) The negative reflexive form often offers a tone of incredulity:  ¡No me lo creo! (I cant believe it!) Related Words Creer is a cousin of English words such as creed, credibility, credible and credence, all of which have meanings related to the concept of belief. Related words in Spanish include creencia (belief), creà ­ble (credible), credo (creed), creyente (believer) and crà ©dulo (credulous). Negative forms use the prefix in-: increencia, increà ­ble, incrà ©dulo. Conjugation Creer is conjugated regularly in terms of pronunciation but not in terms of spelling. Irregular forms youre most likely to run across are the past participle (creà ­do), the gerund (creyendo) and the preterite forms (yo creà ­, tu creà ­ste, usted/à ©l/ella creyà ³, nosotros/as creà ­mos, vosotros/as creà ­steis, ustedes/ellos/ellas creyeron).

The Paradox of American Government Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Paradox of American Government - Essay Example he fragmentation of power within the federal framework has meant that certain influential groups have come forward to manipulate this in their own favor. Consequently, the government seems lethargic and often unresponsive in dealing with majority demands as it bows to other pressures. The move to occupy Wall Street clearly signifies how this political attitude is now affecting citizen and voter participation in the overall political process. After the financial failure of large financial institutions, the federal government underwent bailout and rescue packages to protect these institutions. Now that these businesses are recovering, the people at the helm of affairs in these institutions are using unethical practices to reward themselves. This very issue had already caused a failure of the economic system. Calls to ensure greater transparency and accountability at Wall Street went unheeded by the federal government. Consequently disillusioned citizens and voters came together in order to coerce the government into acceding to their demands through a show of strength at Wall Street (Apps, 2011). Disappointment with the political process has two major affects for the average citizen, one that the average citizen fails to be interested in the voting process anymore (Dalton, 2006) and two that the average citizen tries to take power into his/her own hands to defend his interests. The fact that citizens are less and less interested in the political process has been related for a few decades now (Powell, 1986). Overall citizen participation in the voting process has been on the decline progressively as citizens especially from marginalized groups fail to see any point in voting when their demands will not be met with. Already the American democratic process is under threat from large gaps in voter turnout through various factors such as income, length of residence, ethnicity, educational achievement and age (AGTP, 2010). Also there are threats emerging to voter turnout

Greek and hellenistic religion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Greek and hellenistic religion - Essay Example The introduction of Egyptian deities which included Isis, Serapis, Atargatis and of Hadad afforded new channel for the Greeks who were trying to find contentment and self-actualization in both their current life and life after death. During the Hellenistic period, worships were no longer solely given to deities but also to Hellenistic rulers. Semi-divine rulers who regarded themselves as god-kings inspired pharaonic tradition, thereby, holding them worthy of the peoples exaltation. While Hellenistic religion adapted the idea of offering worship to rulers, rulers had never become gods. The mixture of cultures and religion between Greece and other countries had stimulated the expansive practices of magic, which is still being practiced up to this present time. In the Hellenistic era, Greeks developed a rather spiritual and religious connection to certain magical forms like oracles, prophecies, charms, and trinkets to put off bad luck and other troubles, and to cast incantations. Furthermore, the belief that the future of human life can be determined by the sun, moon, and stars likewise cropped up; hence, the concept of astrology. Perhaps, it was due to the syncretic approach of the Greeks towards religion during the Hellenistic era that ushered in the creation of Hellenistic thinking: Stoicism and Epicureanism. Crucial to the changes in the Hellenistic religion was the introduction of the Olympian gods and goddesses. In fact, the term Olympian Pantheon is therefore called because these deities are believed to have resided on top of Mount Olympus. This had also stirred the foundation of Olympic Games in order to give honor to the deities athleticism. Every deity was venerated with temples, shrines, and sculptures which, while each god is revered with his or her own temple, likewise honor other deities. Fiestas and rites were carried out in different Greek cities that venerate their own patron god. For example, festivals and other forms of celebrations

Helping Children Master the Basic Facts Essay Example for Free

Helping Children Master the Basic Facts Essay The chapter â€Å"Strategies for Multiplication Facts† provides detailed overview of strategies used for mastering and enlarging multiplication facts. It is suggested that basic facts may be improved due to relating existing knowledge to new facts. The author outlines five group strategies stating that the first four are easier and they cover 75% of multiplication facts. Nevertheless, it is noted the offered strategies are simply suggestions, not the rules to follow. Actually, these strategies help students think of various facts easily. The special attention in the chapter is paid to doubles, zeroes and ones, helping facts, division facts and ‘near facts’, etc. It is noted that fact remediation should be used in case when students are unable to master basic facts mentioned above. Such students need new approach to comprehend basic facts. Therefore, fact remediation is of great importance, because it aims at providing hope for students having problems with mathematics. Often students experiencing difficulties with getting facts, start thinking they are unable to learn facts at all. The author recommends to â€Å"let these children know that you will help them and that you will provide some new ideas that will help them as well†. (184) It is admitted in the chapter that students who comprehend the basic multiplication facts doesn’t reason better that student who find it difficult to get the idea of basic facts. The author states that nowadays the goal of mathematics isn’t simply to learn how to count, instead it aims at learning how to reason, how to make the sense of things around. What is more important, mathematics develops the skills of critical thinking and punctuality. Mathematics teaches students to solve problems and, therefore, students experiencing difficulties with mastering basic facts shouldn’t be excluded from mathematical experiences. Summing up, the author claims that all students should be involved in â€Å"exciting and meaningful experiences, they have real motivation to learn facts and real opportunities to develop relationships that can aid in that endeavor†. (185) References Van De Walle, John. (2003). Elementary and Middle School Mathematics: Teaching Developmentally. USA: Allyn Bacon.

Mass School Shootings in America :: Mass Shootings, School Shootings Essays

School shootings have been occurring all over the country. All of these school incidents are leading to one or more deaths. Many people think that it will never happen to them, but it could. After a school shooting occurs it may seem like everything is different, and has changed. This is the reason why many students are afraid to go to school and is so concerned about their safety. Many of these schools shooting are happening in suburban areas where many people think it is safe but while the school districts are focusing on keeping the violates out of city schools they forgot about the rest. School shootings have had a political impact on the society; bring some people to press for stricter gun control laws. The National Rifle Association is opposed to such laws, and some groups have called for fewer gun control laws citing cases of armed students ending shootings and halting further loss of an innocent person life. One such example is the Mercaz HaRav Massacre which happened on March 6, 2008 where the attacker was not stopped by police but by a student, who stopped the attacker by shooting him with his personal firearm that was in his car which he lawfully carried concealed. Bullying is a problem that can provoke a shooting at a school. Studies have found that children who bully are more likely to come from homes with certain characteristics like: A lack of supervision by parents; Harsh, physical discipline; and Bullying incidences inside the home. Many bullies are most likely to carry a weapon and start drinking alcohol at a young age. Detecting if somebody is being bullied can be difficult and helping to resolve that issue can be worst. Children that are being bullied have tendencies to have unexplained cuts, bruises, and scratches; has few with whom he or she spends time with; takes a long unreasonable route when walking to or from school. Trying to resolve the issue can be worst because you don’t want to embarrass your child so the easiest thing to do is to let your child know they are not alone and believe everything they tell you. Parents that show up to the school all the time shouldn’t because showing up a will give the other students something else to bully your child about. Ways to prevent school shootings are still being discussed with-in the school systems but here are some ways like metal detectors in all schools will help because it will help detect any illegal weapons like guns and knives.

CRM Capabilities and the Customer Life Cycle Essay

Customer acquisition consists of the business processes in the CLC leading up to the customer moment, when consumers become customers . . . or not. This includes awareness generation, knowledge transfer, consideration, pre-sales, and evaluation. Capabilities include consumer surveys in business operations, tracking enterprise-wide customer interactions in business management, and market basket analysis in business intelligence. The enterprise clearly requires customer acquisition to maintain and expand revenues and profits. A business without nev. customer acquisition will shrink and eventually fail. But compared to customer retention amf expanding â€Å"share of customer†, customer acquisition can be expensive. I Expanding the â€Å"share of customer† is gaining the largest portion of acquisitions made by each individual customer in the global marketplace. The proportion of a customer’s move, that goes to a particular enterprise is known as the share of customer. Example capabilities include delivery of new information to a customer through business operations as the custome-, re-enters the CLC, taking advantage of cross-sell opportunities using business managerne7- capabilities, and identifying cross-sell opportunities through business intelligence capabilitie&. The benefits of expanding â€Å"share of customer† are similar to customer retention—additional sales without the cost of acquiring a new customer. However, expanding the share of customer is as valuable as customer retention. Most companies find that their most profitable customer-, are the ones that spend the largest percentages of their budgets with the enterprise. For example, one bank recently identified that every one of their most profitable customers (the top 20 per cent) gave their business to the bank, while none of the least profitable custome7,: (the bottom 20 per cent) gave their business to the bank. What is new is the customer-cents_~ nature of applications, which means organizing CRM processes around the customer rath—, than marketing, sales, or any other internal function. Measurements and feedback from the customer enable improvements in the CRM process. The customer’s viewpoint becomes aF integral part of the process, allowing it to change with the customer’s needs. In other words. companies base their actions not on the priorities of functional fiefdoms, but on the over†72 corporate objective of providing customer satisfaction. However, before aggressively deploying CRM applications, managers might have to restructure customer-interaction processes. Functional and organizational structurei tend to compartmentalize the various activities that go into serving the customer. Such fragmentation prevents customer information from being dispersed far enough within the organization to be useful; in fact, it often stands in the way of efforts to build a relationship As a result, customized service is difficult and consequently, organizations tend to treat all customers the same – a damning impediment to building closer relationships. To counter fragmentation, leading-edge companies strive to take a more customer centred approach to CRM. There is a growing trend towards managing all the activities that ientify, attract, and retain customers in an integrated fashion, that is, managing them as a process that cuts across functional departments. By addressing these activities as a set of CRM processes, organizations can create end-to-end communications and performance accountability for entire sets of activities. In short, a CRM infrastructure is really a portfolio of process competencies.

World Religion Judaism, Hinduism, And Islam Essay

World Religion At first glance and hearing about, Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam these five religions-look and sound a lot alike. Each one was founded and developed by mankind, follow a list of religious principles and directives to live by, and they all share the same consciousness of wrong doings being reconciled. Because anyone can strike up a new religion at any time, however, religion cannot be judged on how it looks or sounds. As a comparison we will see just how different these religions are. The first difference between the five religions is how they began, each one experienced some type of outside influence for its beginning. Judaism’s founding father was Abraham, who talked to God and was told by an angel that he would birth a promise son that would spring forth great nations and kings. Who was commanded by God to go to a land that he promised to give Abraham descendants. Judaism was developed from Abraham’s faith in God (Whiston p.34). Hinduism has n o single founder (namb.net), but played off the Aryan’s society caste system. â€Å"A caste is a social unit into which individuals are born and which dictates most aspects of daily life† (Adler/Pouwell p.50, 51). Buddhism founder and developer was Siddhartha Gautama, the son of an Indian royal family. Who went out in search of the outcome of fate, being revealed to him under the Bodhi tree, after a long night of meditation was enlighten with wisdom. (Adler/Pouwell p.54).Show MoreRelatedChristianity, Hinduism, And Islam1054 Words   |  5 PagesEvery religion has its own goal, and their own believes, however there are also many similarities in their believes. Although the followers of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam may see things differently, they basically hold the same values and codes. To Islam, the Prophet Mohammad’s teaching is a â€Å"complete and final revelation†. On the other hand, according to the bible, Christianity believes that Jesus Chris t is the true lord and savior will grant you the access to heaven in the afterlife. JudaismRead MoreWorld Religion: Christianity the Most Widespread Religion in The World1473 Words   |  6 PagesAll over the world, there are many people who believe in something or someone of a higher power. There are about five billion people who believe in a higher power (Tiemann 526). There are six world religions that have followers all around the world. The six world religions are Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Confucianism. Many of these religions are monotheistic, which is the belief of only one god or one higher power. There are also polytheistic believers, which is the beliefRead MoreClassification of Religions1509 Words   |  7 PagesCLASSIFICATION ESSAY ON RELIGION Name : Reg. No. : Course Submitted to : RELIGION: Religion is a set of beliefs, cultural system and worldviews that establish symbols that relate humanity to spirituality and to moral values. It defines who you are, what you are and your views about the world. It gives its followers guidelines which frames their actions, attitudes, cultures and belief. TYPES OF RELIGIONS: There are more than four thousand religions in this world, however, most of them areRead MoreBuddhism, Hinduism, Confucianism And Monotheistic Religions1108 Words   |  5 PagesIn life, one will undertake a spiritual journey in which you will uncover the meaning of the self. Many religions, including Hinduism, Confucianism and monotheistic religions, have developed philosophies placing importance of the â€Å"self.† Emphasis on morality, virtues, honest contribute to the development of the inner self. In religions such as, Islam and Judaism the importance of conducts and worship will lead you to paradise in the after as promised by Allah or Yahweh. The teachings of proper behaviorRead MoreHinduism And The Middle East894 Words   |  4 Pagesfilled by some type of religion. In order to develop a thorough understanding of the world’s major religions, it is important to look closely at the history, beliefs, and practices of each. There are five major religions that are practiced in the world today. Hinduism developed first, then Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and finally Islam. Hinduism and Buddhism are considered Eastern religions while Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are considered Western. Both Eastern religions began in India, althoughRead MoreChristianity, Hinduism, Buddhism, And Judaism1644 Words   |  7 Pages The following religions Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism and Judaism are among the top religions when evaluating the number of followers they encompass worldwide (Henderson, 2005, p.1). Through assessing these major belief systems and their views, diversity between them is apparent. These multiplicities range from Hindus who acknowledge multitudes of gods to Muslims who believe in one God, Allah. Although the variety of beliefs and practices exist their remains some central concepts suchRead More Appreciating other Religions Essay684 Words   |  3 PagesAppreciating other Religions Religion is a set of practices and beliefs that allow human beings to search for the meaning of life and the purpose of their existence. These common practices set the foundation for such beliefs to have validity. Every individual must wonder why he/she exists on earth. Questioning about the purpose in one’s life and whether or not there is meaning allows an individual to seek a supernatural, Supreme Being or some form of deity. Technically, religion is essentially theRead MoreThe Religion Of The Holy Trinity1665 Words   |  7 Pagesfree, ridiculous blessing from God. Effortlessness is a partaking in the celestial; the motivation to do God s will. Catholics recognize the unity of body and soul for human. So the entire religion relies or centers on reality that mankind remains between the two universes of matter and soul. The physical world is considered some portion of God s creation and is, in this manner, naturally great until an individual abuses it.The Bible is the rous ed, mistake free, and uncovered expression of God. Read MoreInfluence Of Religion On International Trade Essay1394 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Today’s world economy is changing drastically and as a result trade between countries is emerging. International business is constantly growing. Culture has proven to have a huge influence on trade. Religion can be defined as a system of shared beliefs and rituals that are concerned with the realm of the sacred. Religion is a system that guides people’s behaviors and influence them in the way they interact with other people and the world. Religion is one important source of a societyRead MoreMajor Religions and their Effects on Society1299 Words   |  6 Pagesimmortality. Where there is God, there is religion. There are many types of religions for example, Hinduism, Judaism, Islam, Confucianism, Christianity, Bahà ¡Ãƒ ­, and Greeks. Religion is the glue that keeps people intact with their sanity. Having religion is a good aspect to have and causes beneficial outcomes for oneself and the community. Also, primary the reason for people to preform good deeds and to becom e interactive with their community is due to religion. Also, the reason behind why people decide

Motivation Students With Learning Disabilities - 886 Words

Motivation in Students with Learning Disabilities Rizka Puspitarani (3490616) What is Learning Disability? Learning disabilities (LD), or in some clinical cases called specific learning disorder, is a neurodevelopmental disorder which the individual is experiencing difficulties in learning and using academic skills (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Person with LD usually shows at least one difficulty in literacy (i.e.: inaccurate or slow and takes effort to read, difficult to understand the meaning of what he/she reads, difficult to spell words, or difficult with written expression) or in numerical reasoning (i.e.: number sense, calculation, or mathematical reasoning). Dyslexia and dyscalculia are the examples of specific cases in LD. The prevalence of school-age children with LD is 5%-15% of the population across different language and cultures with males have higher risk than females (2:1 to 3:1); while the prevalence of adults with LD is approximately 4%. The prognostic factors of LD might because of genetic factors or environmental factors (i.e.: premature, low birth weight, o r nicotine exposure during prenatal). How is motivation in students with LD? Number of studies had examined motivation in students with LD. The results show that motivation score is lower in children with LD (Grolnick Ryan, 1990; Lincoln Chazan, 1979). In Grolnick and Ryan study (1990), both teacher and students themselves reported significantly less autonomous and less motivated thanShow MoreRelatedPersonal Statement : Special Education1432 Words   |  6 Pages Motivation in special education students Abdulelah Alqahtani EDUC 5501 December 2th, 2015 Dr. Dunham Author: Abdulelah Alqahtani Department of education, Shawnee State University alqahtania@mymail.shawnee.edu Abstract This paper provides a brief summary of special education services and explains how special education teachers can motivate their students in many different ways. In fact, this paper indicates the benefits of motivations in the special education process for both teachersRead MoreMotivating Student Motivation For Students1620 Words   |  7 PagesMotivating students in the classroom can be challenging, especially for Special Education students in an inclusion classroom. Due to the gap between a special education student’s independence level and current grade level, it is difficult for special education students to retain motivation throughout instruction. In efforts to determine how student motivation can be continuous, additional technology support was created to be implemented in an inclusion classroom. The purpose of this action researchRead MoreInstructional Strategies And Intrinsic Motivation Are Keys For Adjunct Faculty1274 Words   |  6 Pagesself-regulation techniq ues can be available for teachers to consider when teaching students know how to control their behaviours. The teacher’s role will be to help students through the problem-solving process, to develop self-regulation plans, to reinforce students for implementing their plans and to work with students to evaluate the effectiveness of their plans. Second strategy: Instructional strategies and intrinsic motivation are keys for adjunct faculty. Recent studies revealed that the majority ofRead MoreStudent Students With Learning Disabilities784 Words   |  4 PagesDiscussion Expected Findings Students with learning disabilities often experience more motivational problems than their peers, and by teaching goal setting, students will have access to a strategy they can use to achieve greater motivation and success. The researcher expects the participants to experience increased motivation and self-efficacy, and improved performance in the areas of reading, math, and behavior after learning how to set short-term goals for themselves. If the goal setting strategyRead MoreWhat Are Some Obstacles You May Face as a Teacher ?1411 Words   |  6 Pagesrather it the ability to overcome challenges in a positive manner that impacts on learning. Some of the many obstacles a teacher may face are; engaging unmotivated children in the classroom, promoting positive conditioning and reinforcement and accommodating those with development disabilities (Symonds, 1941). Keeping students motivated in the classroom and out is an obstacle many teachers will face. Unmotivated students tend to have negative attitudes, a general dislike for school, give up easilyRead MoreAnalysis Of Ray Bradbury s All Summer1476 Words   |  6 Pagesco-teaching (ICT) class, and an ESL class in a widely culturally diverse school in Queens. In the last two years I also taught honors classes. I notice that the biggest challenge facing students from all my classes was reading comprehension. It was evident very early on in my teaching career that many struggling students who can technically read quite well don’t understand what they are reading. Their ability to decode words is far greater than their ability to make sense of the words. Without meaningRead MoreLearning And Teaching Of The 21st Century1289 Words   |  6 PagesLearning and teaching in the 21st century is evolving. The 21st century society is calling for different skills and capabilities of its members. Creativity, problem solving, and high level critical thinking skills are requirements employers are seeking as technology modifies the job environment. Schools must also adapt to this cultural shift. To help students become productive and competent members of a digital age, schools need to be informed of technological terminology, uses, and benefitsRead MoreThe Target Student With Ebd And Ld889 Words   |  4 PagesThe target student with EBD and LD was working with his classmate and playing bingo. The student was reviewing the multiplication facts. The target student was seated at the back of the classroom, so that he will not distract the entire class. The learning support teacher was standing next to him, encouraging him to play. With her support, the student participated very well during the activity and stayed on task longer with less misbehavior. Unfortunately, when she was absent for a brief time, theRead MoreThe Theory Of Self Determination851 Words   |  4 Pagesinsight on what drives/motivates us as individuals. Using the theory of self-determination we are able to see how this form of motivation provide the skills a person needs such as competence, relatedness, and autonomy to thrive, especially in regards to students with disabilities. Keywords: self-determination, competence, relatedness, autonomy, and student with disabilities In psychology there has been great discussion on human potential and whether it is inherited based on a person’s surroundingsRead MoreTheory Analysis And Skill Training852 Words   |  4 Pagesmethod does not value personal knowledge or individuality. It does not focus on the process of learning or students motivation for learning. 3. Can you cite any professional examples of mechanistic practice that you ve encountered? (or if you are currently teaching, you may describe what you do that may exemplify mechanistic practice) I have encountered mechanistic practice in my experience learning as a student. This method was used in a few of my math classes in high school and I believe is associated

Alzheimer s Disease And Its Effects On The Lives Of...

Introduction Neurodegenerative diseases continue to affect the lives of millions Americans each year, with incidence and prevalence rates ever increasing. These diseases cause degeneration or death of nerve cells in the brain. These diseases can cause a financial and emotional burden on not only patients themselves, but also family members and care givers as well. Molecular mechanisms that underlie these diseases have remained relatively unclear, despite much research. Understanding the mechanisms of these diseases are facilitated by utilizing model organisms to study pathways involved in neurodegenerative diseases. One such model organism is the Caenorhabditis elegans nematode. The C. elegans roundworm has displayed usefulness as a template to study neurodegenerative diseases in humans, including Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. C. elegans has shown to be a useful model for the study of Alzheimer’s disease. Sydney Brenner first introduced the nematode as a model organism in 1963 (Brenner, 1974). The small, transparent roundworm is easy for manipulation, with a life cycle of 3 days from egg to adult at 25 degrees Celsius (Brenner, 1974). It is hermaphroditic and self-fertilizing allowing for rapid production of offspring. Its lifespan is between 2 to 3 weeks, which is another beneficial feature for scientific research due to its relatively short timeframe. The C. elegans genome was completed in 1998 and showed that about 38% of worm genes have humanShow MoreRelatedAlzheimer s Disease Is An Ongoing Condition That Destroys The Connection Of Cells1689 Words   |  7 PagesAlzheimer s disease is an ongoing condition that destroys the connection of cells in the brain. According to the Alzheimer’s Foundation of America (AFA), it is estimated that as many as 5.1 million Americans have Alzheimer s dise ase today. Alzheimer s disease was discovered by a German physician named Alois Alzheimer. In 1906, Dr. Alzheimer saw changes in the brain tissue of a woman who died from what he presumed to be a mental illness. He described her symptoms as memory loss, language complicationsRead MoreThe Graying Of Our Population879 Words   |  4 PagesThe Graying of our Population A country is considered to be graying when the average age of its citizens rises to the point at which the majority of the population is considered to be older. The largest generation of Americans were born between 1946 and 1964. The people that were born during the 18 year period are referred to as Baby Boomers. As of 2012, Baby Boomers made up nearly 25% of the total U.S. population of approximately 315,000,000 (CNN, 2014). The U.S. faces a huge challengeRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease : A Progressive Disease925 Words   |  4 PagesAlzheimer s disease is a progressive disease that destroys memory and other vital mental functions. Alzheimer s disease is the most common cause of dementia, a group of brain disorders that cause the loss of intellectual and social skills. AD can eventually render a person unable to function in society and to even care for themselves. Since the disease is the 6th leading cause of death in the United States constant research is being done to try to p revent it and to find a cure. Alzheimer s diseaseRead MoreA Brief Note On The Alzheimer s Disease1709 Words   |  7 PagesCamryn Pillar Alzheimer s Disease Northview High School  There is a lot of sickness in the world today. The most significant and progressive illnesses are due to malfunction in the brain. One of the most common and deadly disease is Alzheimer s disease. It’s a progressive brain disorder that damages and destroys brain cells. This leads to many health problems that have very deadly impacts, and is irriversital. Sixty one percent of patients, at the age of seventy, are expected not to make itRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease : A Degenerative Brain Disorder1050 Words   |  5 PagesAlzheimer’s disease is a degenerative brain disorder that is found in older adults. One of the most famous American painters, Norman Rockwell, yielded to Alzheimer’s after a long and illustrious career. Interestingly enough, Rockwell’s (cited) paintings are now used sometimes in dementia therapy because of the memories and nostalgia they elicit. Can you imagine that one day the very thing you loved to do, would be helping others remember th eir lost memories and that you succumbed to that very sameRead MoreAlzheimer s And Dementi A Psychological Disorder1330 Words   |  6 Pagesbecome more self-aware of these diseases. Dementia is a disease that can develop into other disorders such as Vascular Dementia or Parkinsons Disease; however, in most cases, it usually ends up as Alzhiemers. It s a typically seen in older people; about, sixty five and older, so of course one would automatically put themselves, and their family out of the picture, that is until one of you gets it. In most cases one primarily thinks of Alzheimer’s and Dementia as diseases that they, as well as anyoneRead MoreThe Disease Of Alzheimer s Disease1421 Words   |  6 Pagesmysterious disease. The neurons being cut off and destroyed by two abnormal structures. First memory is affected gradually getting worse. Then one is unable to think properly, reason, and lacks of self control. Gaps are formed in the brain s ventricles, due to the amount of dead tissue. In the end, it will lead to death. All of this may sound like something from a science fiction movie but infact its very real. These are all known possible symptoms of a common disease that affects about millions of AmericansRead MoreThe National Alzheimer s Project Act1260 Words   |  6 PagesA major devastating and debilitating disease, Alzheimer s is a public health issue that affects not only the United States but also countries all around the world. In 2010, there were 35.6 million people living with Alzheimer’s. Researchers and medical personnel expect this number to triple by the year 2050. The disease is costing America an exorbitant amount of money and has become a burden on families, caregivers, medical personnel, the healthcare system, and the nation’s economy. If attentionRead MoreAlzheimer s A Type Of Dementia1660 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Alzheimer’s is a type of dementia that causes complications with memory, thinking, and behavior. Long before any signs of memory loss, there a microscopic changes occurring in the brain, altering its functionality (Alzheimer s Association Organization, 2016). The brain has billions of nerve cells that work together, and when one portion of the brains neurons are malfunctioning it leads to breakdowns in other parts of the brain. The two most noted abnormal structures that are suspectedRead MoreSymptoms And Progression Of Alzheimer s Disease Essay2254 Words   |  10 PagesAbstract: Dementia of the Alzheimer’s type commonly referred to as Alzheimer’s disease, has a subtle onset and gradual progression. The features of dementia are multiple collected deficits that usually include memory impairment and at least one of the following experiences in the absence of delirium that might explain the deficit: aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, or a disturbance in executive funct ioning (the ability to think abstractly and to plan, initiate, sequence, monitor, and stop complex behavior)

Cross- Cultural Communication free essay sample

We didnt all come over on the same ship, but were all in the same boat. - Bernard Baruch Cross-cultural communication is the process of exchanging meaningful and unambiguous information across cultural boundaries, in a way that preserves mutual respect and minimizes antagonism, that is, it looks at how people from differing cultural backgrounds endeavour to communicate. The study of cross-cultural communication was originally found within businesses and the government both seeking to expand globally.Communication is interactive, so an important influence on its effectiveness is our relationship with others. All communication is cultural it draws on ways we have learned to speak and give nonverbal messages. We do not always communicate the same way from day to day, since factors like context, individual personality, and mood interact with the variety of cultural influences we have internalized that influence our choices. The world today is characterized by an ever growing number of contacts resulting in communication between people with different linguistic and cultural backgrounds. This communication takes place because of contacts within the areas of business, military cooperation, science, education, mass media, entertainment, tourism but also because of immigration brought about by labor shortage or political conflicts. In all these contacts, there is communication which needs to be as constructive as possible, without misunderstandings and breakdowns. It is our belief that research on the nature of linguistic and cultural similarities and differences here can play a positive and constructive role.The two factors that have raised the importance of Cross-Cultural Communication can be stated as follows- †¢ Improvements in communication and transportation technology have made it possible for previously stable cultures to meet in unstructured situations, e. g. the internet opens lines of communication without mediation, while budget airlines transplant ordinary citizens into unfamiliar milieux(the social and cultural environment in which a person or thing exists). Experience proves that merely crossing cultural boundaries can be considered threatening, while positive attempts to interact may provoke defensive responses.Misunderstanding may be compounded by either an exaggerated sensitivity to possible slights, or an exaggerated and over-protective fear of giving offence; †¢ Some groups believe that the phenomenon of globalization has reduced cultural diversity and so reduced the opportunity for misunderstandings, but characterizing people as a homogeneous market is simplistic. One product or brand only appeals to the material aspirations of one self-selecting group of buyers, and its sales performance will not affect the vast multiplicity of factors that may separate the cultures.Once the foundations of cross cultural understa nding have been laid, the learner(s), either through continued training or experiences within the workplace, gradually attains a more acute appreciation of cultural differences. The different types of appreciation are cross cultural knowledge, cross cultural awareness, cross cultural sensitivity and cross cultural competence. Although all the terms may appear similar in meaning, subtle differences exist between them. Cross Cultural Knowledge is critical to basic cross cultural understanding. Without it cross cultural appreciation cannot take place.It refers to a surface level familiarization with cultural characteristics, values, beliefs and behaviors. Cross Cultural Awareness develops from cross cultural knowledge as the learner understands and appreciates a culture internally. This may also be accompanied by changes within the learners behavior and attitudes such as a greater flexibility and openness. Cross Cultural Sensitivity is a natural by-product of awareness and refers to an ability to read into situations, contexts and behaviors that are culturally rooted and be able to react to them appropriately. An suitable response necessitates that the actor no longer carries his/her own culturally determined interpretations of the situation or behavior (i. e. good/bad, right/wrong) which can only be nurtured through both cross cultural knowledge and awareness. Cross Cultural Competence is and should be the aim of all those dealing with multicultural clients, customers or colleagues. Competence is the final stage of cross cultural understanding and signifies the actors ability to work effectively across cultures.Cross cultural competency is beyond knowledge, awareness and sensitivity in that it is the digestion, integration and transformation of all the skills and information acquired through them, applied to create cultural synergy within the workplace. Following are the five cross cultural communication needs that will allow for improved lines of communication, better cross cultural awareness and more successful cross cultural relationships Cross Cultural Communication needs . Listening Skills Although emphasis usually lies on being a competent speaker, listening is a key skill that many business personnel do not exercise enough.For cross cultural communication, attentive listening is critical to be able to understand meanings, read between the lines and enable to empathize with the speaker. Cross Cultural Communication needs. Speaking Skills Listening and speaking must work in tandem for effective cross cultural communication. Speaking well is not about accent, use of grammar and vocabulary or having the gift of the gab. Rather, cross cultural communication is enhanced through positive speech such as encouragement, affirmation, recognition and phrasing requests clearly or expressing opinions sensitively. Cross Cultural Communication needs. Observation Large amounts of cross cultural information can be read in peoples dress, body language, interaction and behavior. Be aware of differences with your own culture and try to understand the roots of behaviors. Asking questions expands your cross cultural knowledge. Cross Cultural Communication needs. Patience Man has been created differently and we need to recognize and understand that sometimes cross cultural differences are annoying and frustrating. In these situations patience is definitely a virtue. Through patience respect is won and cross cultural understanding is enhanced. Cross Cultural Communication needs . Flexibility Flexibility, adaptability and open-mindedness are the route to successful cross cultural communication. Understanding, embracing and addressing cross cultural differences leads to the breaking of cultural barriers which results in better lines of communication, mutual trust and creative thinking Having a poor understanding of the influence of cross cultural differences in areas such as management, PR, advertising and negotiations can eventually lead to blunders that can have damaging consequences.It is crucial for todays business personnel to understand the impact of cross cultural differences on business, trade and internal company organization. The success or failure of a company, venture, merger or acquisition is essentially in the hands of people. If these people are not cross culturally aware then misunderstandings, offence and a break down in communication can occur. The need for greater cross cultural awareness is heightened in our global economies. Cross cultural differences in matters such as language, etiquette, non-verbal communication, norms and values can, do and will lead to cross cultural blunders.To illustrate this we have provided a few examples of cross cultural blunders that could have been avoided with appropriate cross cultural awareness training: *Pepsodent tried to sell its toothpaste in Southeast Asia by emphasizing that it whitens your teeth. They found out that the local natives chew betel nuts to blacken their teeth which they find attractive. * A company advertised eyeglasses in Thailand by featuring a variety of cute animals wearing glasses. The ad was a poor choice since animals are considered to be a form of low life and no self respecting Thai would wear anything worn by animals. The soft drink Fresca was being promoted by a saleswoman in Mexico. She was surprised that her sales pitch was greeted with laughter, and later embarrassed when she learned that fresca is slang for lesbian. * Kellogg had to rename its Bran Buds cereal in Sweden when it discovered that the name roughly translated to burned farmer. * When PepsiCo advertised Pepsi in Taiwan with the ad Come Alive With Pepsi they had no idea that it would be translated into Chinese as Pepsi brings your ancestors back from the dead. Thus poor cross cultural awareness has many consequences, some serious others comical. It is imperative that in the global economy cross cultural awareness is seen as a necessary investment to avoid such blunders as we have seen above. Cross cultural communication is not the sole reserve of the business world. In fact, all of us in one form or another come across situations that require some kind of cross cultural communication and understanding. One such situation is when communicating with foreigners. We all encounter people at work, on holiday or elsewhere who do not share the same language as us.Although we consider language the main means of communicating, language only represents 7% of what we communicate. There are many ways of overcoming the language barrier to allow for some cross cultural communication. When faced with a situation in which there is no common language these points may help you to get your message across: Say it without words: use hands, arms, legs, gestures, facial expressions and everything else your charades experience has taught you. Use  emotions: even in our own language and culture we do not always use language to express fright, frustration, anger or joy.Emotions transcend linguistic barriers. Try out words: sometimes we share common words and we do not know it. Additionally people from different cultures will have a passive knowledge of English gained through the media. Try saying the word slowly or with a different pronunciation. Draw it: if you really cannot explain milk to the Greek shop owner draw the cow, the udders and the milk. Pictures speak louder than words. Most cultures will be able to spot what you are getting at straight away. Ask for help: if there are others around you do not be shy to ask for their assistance.It is often possible to find a willing translator. Confirm meanings: if you are unsure whether the message has been understood confirm meanings. When doing so do not ask, Do you understand? as the answer will often be yes even if it is no. Try re-phrasing what you have agreed or discussed. Be patient: the key to overcoming the language barrier is to exercise patience. It is not your fault or the other persons that you cannot speak each others language. The above points will help you to overcome cross cultural communication problems and ensure you manage to get your message across in one form or another.Why Is Cross-Cultural Communication Important? Cross-cultural communication is arguably more important today than in any other period of human history. One major consequence of this trend is that future success in most careers will increasingly depend upon an individual’s ability to communicate effectively and appropriately across cultural boundaries. Cross-cultural communication is not limited to learning other languages, but also includes understanding how cultural patterns and core values impact the communication process—even when everyone is speaking English.Acquiring the skills necessary to work with both domestic multicultural groups and in international areas is no longer an option but a necessity. There are few settings where cross-cultural communication does not play a significant role in daily interactions with the public and co-workers. Businesses, social service agencies, health care providers, educational institutions, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and a thousand other occupational settings are all under pressure to recognize and appreciate the role that cross-cultural communication plays in achi eving their goals.Whether it is creating smoothly working project teams; sensitively responding to customers, clients, and markets; or just living and working in a world where everyone has something to say, learning how to communicate cross-culturally is a crucial component that can promote those processes. Realizing that individuals from different cultures will express their thoughts in vastly different ways is a good start. So is developing an awareness of why hearing words alone is not sufficient to discern meaning.Sometimes silence communicates far more than speech. Such things as touching, eye contact, and other kinds of â€Å"body language† need to be observed and correctly interpreted because nonverbal communication carries important clues about the message the individual is trying to convey. In this rapidly changing world, where cultures and people circulate and interact at dizzying speeds, those people who know how to communicate effectively across cultures, in both personal and professional contexts, will have a crucial advantage over those who do not.

Leader Essays - Leadership, Industrial And Organizational Psychology

Leader Nature Before a person can take any action to lead their followers, they must be able to recognize approximately where their followers are in the developmental cycle. To do this, he or she must watch closely the actions of his or her followers and determine to what degree their actions are being influenced dominantly by either confidence or competence. Once the leader knows the point of confidence vs. competence in his or her followers, he or she will know which factor to build on. When the leader feels they have successfully motivated their followers to be both very confident and competent, and that the followers are ready and have the responsibility to lead themselves to their goal, then they know that at that point, the followers are ready to accept some leadership themselves. Once the followers are ready for some leadership of their own, the next problem at hand becomes how to go about empowering them with the leadership responsibilities. Needless to say, the leader cannot simply step away and allow the responsibility to dump onto the followers; surely if that happened, they would quickly lose confidence and possibly competence too. Instead, the leadership and responsibility of the followers should be increased gradually as they are steadily empowered, and at a rate that depends on how well the newly gained leadership is handled. At all times though, the leader must be prepared to guide or even realign the direction the newly independent followers take. The leader must also realize the risk of failure in the complete empowerment of his or her followers, as starting over completely is hardly possible. Were that to occur, the subject would near definitely experience a severe loss of confidence as a major consequence to a premature empowerment situation. And lastly, if a leader is completely successful in empowering his or her subjects and has sent them well off on their way to their ultimate goal, the leader must realize that he/she has completed his or her own.

Biography of Carl von Clausewitz

Biography of Carl von Clausewitz Free Online Research Papers Carl von Clausewitz: War and the Role of Military Philosophy Introduction: Carl von Clausewitz (1780-1831) is considered to be the father of war. His works can be considered as the corner stone for contemporary military theory. In this paper a biography is presented at first for a better understanding of his background and afterwards his basic ideas presented in his major work â€Å"On War† are presented. The significance and influence of these ideas nowadays is also examined under the scope of their presence in the military realm. Biography: Carl Phillip Gottfried von Clausewitz (1780-1831) was a Prussian soldier and intellectual. He came from a modest social background, and served as a practical field soldier where he gained extensive combat experience against the armies of the French Revolution and Napoleon. Von Clausewitz also served as a staff officer with political and military responsibilities at the very center of the Prussian state, and worked as a prominent military educator. Clausewitz first entered combat as a cadet at the age of 13, rose to the rank of Major-General at 38, married into the high nobility, and socialized in the intellectual circles of Berlin. He is most widely recognized as the author of On War, now an influential work of military philosophy in the Western world. On War (Vom Kriege) has been translated into virtually every major language and continues to have an influence on modern strategists in many fields. This essay will describe Clausewitz’ biographical profile, and then relate the significance of military philosophy to understanding the relationship between politics and the military.(Clausewitz official website) Biographical Background Carl Philipp Gottlieb von Clausewitz was born on 1 June 1780, near Magdeburg. Although the name had Polish origins, the family was German and patriotically Prussian. Despite their pretensions to nobility, however, the Clausewitzs were in fact of middle ­class origins. The elder Clausewitz had obtained a commission in the army of Frederick the Great, but was forcibly retired during Fredericks purge of non ­noble officers after the Seven Years War (1756 ­63). On the basis of his sons achievements, the familys nobility was finally confirmed by King Friedrich Wilhelm III in 1827 (Booker Stone 1985, pages 30-31) Clausewitz entered the Prussian army as a cadet at the age of twelve; he first saw combat at thirteen. After Prussia withdrew from the wars of the French Revolution in 1795, he spent five years in the more mundane routines of garrison duties. During this time he turned towards providing himself his own education. Expanding beyond strictly military subjects, Clausewitz developed a wide-ranging set of interests in art, science, and education. All of these interests were to have an impact on his later philosophical work. So successful were his self-educating efforts that in 1801 he was able to gain admission to the Institute for Young Officers in Berlin. There he came to the attention of the new director, Gerhard von Scharnhorst, a key figure in the Prussian state during the upheavals of the Napoleonic wars and Chief of the General Staff in 1806. Impressed by Clausewitzs ability, Scharnhorst became a sponsor, mentor, and close friend. Clausewitz graduated first in his class in 1803 and was rewarded with the position of military adjutant to the young Prince August, bringing him into close contact with the royal family. Scharnhorst and other Prussian military reformers had deeply influenced most of Clausewitzs basic historical, political, and military views. In general, their argument was that if the Prussian state wanted to survive it had to do the same that French Revolution had achieved whose astounding successes took place because it had tapped the energies of the French people. This would require radical social and political reforms in the Prussian state and army, both of which were blatant under the successors of Frederick the Great. Clausewitzs works therefore reflect a strong impulse towards social and military reform. After the devastating French victories over Austria and Russia in 1805, Prussia initiated the processes for a war in 1806. However the timing and the preparations of the Prussian mobilization were not sufficient, however and the nation’s moral was very low and with no motivation for such an aim. The Prussian forces were cracked down in humiliating defeats in the battles at Jena and Auerstadt. Clausewitz and Prince August were captured. In the peace settlement, Prussia lost half of its population and territory and became a French satellite. When he returned from imprisonment in 1808, he joined with Scharnhorst and other members of the reform movement united all together for a restructure in the Prussian society and army in order to be prepared for an inevitable new war with the French. The King, however, was quite reluctant and more concerned with maintaining his position in the much ­reduced Prussian state than heading for a nationalistic crusade. Clausewitzs disillusionment reached a peak when Prussia, allied with France, agreed to provide an army corps to Napoleon to assist in the 1812 invasion of Russia. Along with many other officers, he resigned from the Prussian service and accepted a commission in the Russian army. He served during the Russian retreat from the French forces, however, Prussias change of sides led, after some delay, to his reinstatement as a colonel in the Prussian army. Clausewitz participated in many key events of the War of Liberation (1813-1814), and served as an aide to General August von G neisenau, Field Marshal G.L. von Blà ¼chers chief of staff 1813-1815 and one of the principal leaders of Prussias military rebirth. In 1818, Clausewitz was promoted to general and became administrative head of the General War College in Berlin but had nothing to do with actual instruction at the school. During this time, he wrote the notes that would eventually form his collected works. Clausewitz returned to active duty with the army in 1830, when he was appointed commander of a group of artillery brigades stationed in eastern Prussia. When revolutions in Paris and Poland seemed to suggest a new general European war, he was appointed chief of staff to Field Marshal Gneisenau and the Army of Observation sent to the Polish border. Clausevitz died on 16 November 1831 at the age of fifty-one. The cause of his death was cholera which was transmitted to him while he was organizing a sanitary camp in the east , where he remained for that purpose after the aversion of war. On War His writings (On War represents only three of the ten volumes of his collected works) provide important first-person, historical, and analytical commentaries on key events of the dramatic Napoleonic era. Unlike many other great books, however, the ideas Clausewitz proposed have never been fully absorbed into the mainstream of historical texts. This is due partly to the depth and difficulty of the original work and to the unusual â€Å"dialectical character† of Clausewitzs approach (Cimbala 1992, pages 1-12). Nevertheless, it remains required reading in Americas intermediate-level and senior military schools, as well as in many civilian strategic studies programs and, increasingly, in business schools. Clausewitz’s aim was not to provide the reader with any solid and ever lasting answers nor prescribe solutions. He understood the concept that his future readers would face a strategic world unpredictably different in many aspects from his own. His objective is to help the reader develop his or her own strategic judgment in order to deal with the continuously changing strategic environment. It is this pedagogical quality of his writing that renders the works remarkable. The principal importance of Clausewitzs approach to strategic theory is its realism. This is not realism in the sense of cynicism about politics and brute power. Instead, there is realism in the way it describes the complicated and uncertain manner in which real-world events unfold, â€Å"taking into account both the frailties of human nature and the complexity of the physical and psychological world† (Booker Stone 1985, page 31). Influence The ideas posed by the Prussian military theorist Carl von Clausewitz (1780-1831) have come to deeply influence American military writing theoretical, and historical Since the close of the Vietnam War. On War, first published in 1832, was adopted as a key text at the Naval War College in 1976, the Air War College in 1978, the Army War College in 1981. It has always been central at the U.S. Armys School for Advanced Military Studies at Leavenworth (founded in 1983). The U.S. Marine Corpss brilliant little philosophical field manual FMFM 1: Warfighting (1989) is essentially a distillation of On War, and the Marine Corps Doctrinal Publications (1993) are equally reflect?ve of Clausewitzs basic concepts (Bassford 1994, 154-157). The sudden acceptability of Clausewitz in the wake of Vietnam is not difficult to account for, because Clausewitz seriously struggled with the sort of dilemma that American military leaders faced in the result of their defeat (Bassford 1994, pages 157-158). In what had come to be called in political war, the political and military components of the American war effort merged significantly. While it was difficult for the American military to criticize elected civilian leaders, it was just as difficult to take the blame for Vietnam upon themselves. Clausewitzs analysis proved highly relevant: The more powerful and inspiring the motives for war, the more closely will the military aims and the political objects of war coincide, and the more military and less political will war appear to be. On the other hand, the less intense the motives, the less will the military elements natural tendency to violence coincide with political directives. As a result, war will be driven further from its natural course, the political object will be more and more at variance with the aim of ideal war, and the conflict will seem increasingly political in character. (Bassford 1994, page 54) American soldiers denied to accompany with the idea that they have lost in the battlefield arena but they tended to admit that that the policy was badly formed and communicated with the result of them being in the place of not understanding their role in actually making it. By clarifying the interplay among the armed forces, government, and people, and by clearly describing the two sides of the civil-military relationship, Clausewitz offered a way out of this dilemma and into the future (Bassford 1994, pages 159-160). As such, Clausewitzs ideas underlie some of the most influential statements of the military lessons learned from the Vietnam debacle, including Colonel Harry Summerss â€Å"On Strategy: A Critical Analysis of the Vietnam War† and the Weinberger doctrine, first expressed by Secretary of Defense Caspar Weinberger in 1984 (Bassford 1994, 160-162). On War was not intended to provide a practical guide to commanders in the field. There are considerable misunderstandings about Clausewitz’ theory because of this misconception. To Clausewitz, war (as opposed to strategy or tactics) was neither an art nor a science. He argued that the object of science is knowledge and certainty, while the object of art is creative ability. Clausewitz saw tactics as more scientific in character, and strategy as something of an art. War, neither exclusive science or art, thus, is a form of â€Å"social intercourse† (Booker Stone 1985, page 55 ). Clausewitz occasionally compared it to commerce or litigation, but more usually to politics. War is permeated by intelligent forces. War is also an act of force to compel our enemy to do our will, but it is never unilateral. He compares it to a wrestling match -a contest between independent wills, where skill and creativity are no more important than personality, chance, emotion, and the various dynamics that characterize any human interaction. â€Å"When Clausewitz wrote that war may have a grammar of its own, but not its own logic, he meant that the logic of war, like politics, is the logic of social intercourse, not that of art or science. â€Å" (Bassford 1994, page 58) War and Policy According to Clausewitz, if war is to be an extension or tool of policy, then military leaders must be subordinate to political leaders and strategy must be subordinate to policy. The military instrument must be subordinated to the political leadership, but political leaders must understand its nature and limitations. Politicians must not attempt to use the instrument of war to achieve purposes for which it is unsuited. â€Å"It is the responsibility of military leaders to ensure that the political leadership understands the character and limitations of the military instrument.† One of the most important requirements of strategy in Clausewitzs view is that the leadership correctly establish the kind of war on which they are embarking. (Booker and Stone 1985, page 62) This is often understood to mean that leaders should rationally decide the kind of war that will be undertaken. In fact, the nature of any given war is beyond rational control: it is inherent in the situation an d in the spirit of the age. This is most evident in the French Revolution, and as well in Vietnam. Conclusions Clausewitzs ambition was to bridge the gap between theory and practice. However it can be conceived as very practical by the intellectual, too complex and vague by a politician and very theoretical in the battlefield by a soldier. The gap between theory and practice thus represents a dichotomy between the values and perceptions of scholars and soldiers. The f?rst where never g?ven the chance to be in the battlefield and the latter probably never went through complex research analysis on paper. By the same token, Vietnam veterans tend to see it as a textbook on what went wrong in their war. This points to the significance of this work, wherein Clausewitz insisted that personal experience was essential to any understanding of the phenomena of war. Personal experience is very important.. On War gave shape to the most important formulations of the final lessons learned from the Vietnam experience, as expressed in the Weinberger Doctrine (Bassford 1994, pages 172-175). Clausewitz’s theory cannot be interpreted from only one point of view but it should be appointed to each occasion separately according to the goals to be achieved. A great flexibility in interpretation and application of the theory is a fact which leaves a great gap in the concepts and which leaves the reader or the policy maker or the soldier responsible for the conclusions reached. Finally, as Clausewitz observes, â€Å"We see, therefore, that war is not merely a political act, but also a real political instrument, a continuation of political commerce, a carrying out of the same by other means† (Clausewitz). To win at war we must have unity between our government, our people, and our military and we must also exercise every other caution to insure that our efforts are sufficient to accomplish the goal. These efforts include not only such primary military strategies as insuring adequate numbers of troops but also insuring that we truly understand our enemy and its capabilities. Sources Bassford Christofer, 1994, â€Å"Clausewitz in English: The Reception of Clausewitz in Britain and America†,New York: Oxford University Press. Booker Christine and Stone Norman, 1985 , â€Å"Clausewitz: Philosopher of War†, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice ­Hall. Carl Von Clausewitz, Official Website, â€Å"Frequently asked Questions†, clausewitz.com/FAQs.htm#Who (accessed on 10 April 2010) Carl von Clausewitz, â€Å"On War†, clausewitz.com/readings/OnWar1873/BK1ch01.html (accesed on 20 May 2010) Cimbala J. Stephen, 1992, â€Å"Clausewitz and Escalation: Classical Perspective on Nuclear Strategy† London Frank Cass. Research Papers on Biography of Carl von ClausewitzAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Quebec and CanadaAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionBringing Democracy to AfricaComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseGenetic Engineering